What is a psychodynamic formulation? -- How do we use psychodynamic formulations? -- How do we construct psychodynamic formulations? -- Self -- Relationships -- Adapting -- Cognition -- Work and play -- What we're born with : genetics and prenatal development -- The earliest years -- Middle childhood -- Later childhood, adolescence, and adulthood -- Trauma -- The role of early cognitive and emotional difficulties -- Conflict and defense -- Relationships with others -- The development of the self -- Attachment -- Psychodynamic formulation in acute care settings -- Psychodynamic formulation in psychopharmacologic treatment -- Psychodynamic formulation in psychodynamic psychotherapy -- Sharing formulations with our patients