عنوان

Thought & knowledge :an introduction to critical thinking

Title Proper

Thought & knowledge :an introduction to critical thinking

Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.

Mahwah, N.J.

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers

Text of Note

Includes bibliographical references )p. 432-452( and indexes

Text of Note

Diane F. Halpern

Text of Note

Machine generated contents note: 1 Thinking: An Introduction 1 -- The Need for Critical Thinking Skills 2 -- Empirical Evidence That Thinking Can Be Improved 01 -- Learning to Think Critically: A Four Part Model 41 -- Intelligence and Thinking Skills 12 -- Learning to Be Intelligent 52 -- Becoming A Better Thinker: The Quick and Easy Way 62 -- Thinking about Thinking 72 -- Critical Thinking: Hollywood Style 23 -- A Framework for Thinking 43 -- Chapter Summary 73 -- Terms to Know 83 -- 2 Memory: The Acquisition, Retention, -- and Retrieval of Knowledge 93 -- Memory As the Mediator of Cognitive Processes 04 -- Acquisition 94 -- Retention 95 -- Retrieval 36 -- Working Memory 66 -- Metamemory 96 -- Mnemonics 17 -- Biases in Memory 97 -- Long-Term Accuracy Is Sometimes Excellent 08 -- Applying the Framework 18 -- Chapter Summary 38 -- Terms to Know 48 -- 3 The Relationship Between Thought and Language 78 -- Thought and Language 88 -- Words and Their Meanings 001 -- Language: Tool or Master of Thought? 601 -- Comprehension: The Reason for Language 811 -- Applying the Framework 231 -- Chapter Summary 431 -- Terms to Know 431 -- 4 Reasoning: Drawing Deductively Valid Conclusions 731 -- Logical and Psychological 831 -- Linear Ordering 141 -- If, Then Statements 641 -- Combinatorial Reasoning 551 -- Syllogistic Reasoning 651 -- Probabilistic Reasoning 371 -- Reasoning in Everyday Contexts 471 -- Reasoning Gone Wrong 671 -- Applying the Framework 771 -- Chapter Summary 871 -- Terms to Know 971 -- 5 Analyzing Arguments 281 -- The Anatomy of an Argument 381 -- Diagramming the Structure of an Argument 981 -- Actively Open-Minded Thinking 391 -- Evaluating the Strength of an Argument 591 -- How to Analyze an Argument 402 -- A Template for Writing Sound Arguments 502 -- Persuasion and Propaganda 702 -- Explaining as Knowing 902 -- Applying the Framework 622 -- Chapter Summary 722 -- Terms to Know 822 -- 6 Thinking as Hypothesis Testing 132 -- Understanding Hypothesis Testing 232 -- Inductive and Deductive Methods 332 -- Populations and Samples 632 -- Science versus Science Fiction 142 -- Determining Cause 342 -- Thinking About Errors 352 -- Self-Fulfilling Prophecies 452 -- Occult Beliefs and the Paranormal 652 -- Thinking as an Intuitive Scientist 752 -- Applying the Framework 952 -- Chapter Summary 062 -- Terms to Know 162 -- 7 Likelihood and Uncertainty: -- Understanding Probabilities 462 -- Probabilistic Nature of the World 562 -- Factors Affecting Judgments about -- Likelihood and Uncertainty 072 -- Using Probability 272 -- Expected Values 282 -- Subjective Probability 582 -- Making Probabilistic Decisions 882 -- Risk 692 -- Statistical Use and Abuse 003 -- Applying the Framework 303 -- Chapter Summary 503 -- Terms to Know 603 -- 8 Decision Making 803 -- Making Sound Decisions 903 -- Pitfalls and Pratfalls in Decision Making 513 -- Evaluating Consequences 723 -- Elimination by Aspects 033 -- Preparing A Worksheet 133 -- Postdecision Commitment and Evaluation 933 -- Applying the Framework 343 -- Chapter Summary 543 -- Terms to Know 543 -- 9 Development of Problem-Solving Skills 843 -- What Is A Problem? 943 -- Anatomy of A Problem 053 -- Stages in Problem Solving 253 -- Well-Defined and Ill-Defined Problems 553 -- Problem Planning and Representation 653 -- Problem-Solving Strategies 273 -- Problem-Solving Problems 783 -- Applying the Framework 193 -- Chapter Summary 293 -- Terms to Know 393 -- 01 Creative Thinking 693 -- Defining Creativity 793 -- Creativity as a Cognitive Process 404 -- Encouraging Creativity 214 -- Strategies for Creative Thinking 614 -- Applying the Framework 524 -- Chapter Summary 724 -- Terms to Know 824 -- 11 The Last Word 034

Entry Element

، Critical thinking

Class number

Entry Element

Halpern, Diane F.

Relator Code

AU

TI