عنوان

The science of conjecture :evidence and probability before Pascal

Title Proper

The science of conjecture :evidence and probability before Pascal

Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.

Baltimore

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

Johns Hopkins University Press

Text of Note

Includes bibliographical references and index

Text of Note

James Franklin

Text of Note

Machine generated contents note: 1. The Ancient Law of Proof i -- Egypt and Mesopotamia i; The Talmud 3; Roman Law: Proof and -- Presumptions 7; Indian Law io -- 2. The Medieval Law of Evidence: Suspicion, Half-proof, -- and Inquisition 21 -- Dark Age Ordeals I2; The Gregorian Revolution I4; The Glossators -- Invent Half-proof 5; Presumptions in Canon Law 02; Grades of -- Evidence and Torture 42; The Postglossators Bartolus and Baldus: -- The Completed Theory 82; The Inquisition 33; Law in the East 73 -- 3. Renaissance Law 04 -- Henry VIII Presumed Wed 04; Tudor Treason Trials 14; Continental -- Law: The Treatises on Presumptions 34; The Witch Inquisitors 74; -- English Legal Theory and the Reasonable Man 85 -- 4. The Doubting Conscience and Moral Certainty 46 -- Penance and Doubts 56; The Doctrine of Probabilism 96; Suarez: -- Negative and Positive Doubt 67; Grotius, Silhon, and the Morality of -- the State 97; Hobbes and the Risk of Attack 8; The Scandal of Lax- -- ism 38; English Casuists Pursue the Middle Way 48; Juan Caramuel -- Lobkowitz, Prince of Laxists 88; Pascal's Provincial Letters 49 -- 5 Rhetoric, Logic, Theory o20 -- The Greek Vocabulary of Probability I30; The Sophists Sell the Art -- of Persuasion o4; Aristotle's Rhetoric and Logic io9; The Rhetoric to -- Alexander II4; Roman Rhetoric: Cicero and Quintilian II6; Islamic -- Logic 02o; The Scholastic Dialectical Syllogism 12; Probability in -- Ordinary Language 62; Humanist Rhetoric 721; Late Scholastic -- Logics 921 -- 6. Hard Science I3I -- Observation and Theory I23; Aristotle's Not-by-Chance Argument -- '33; Averaging of Observations in Greek Astronomy 43; The Sim- -- plicity of Theories 831; Nicole Oresme on Relative Frequency i04; -- Copernicus 54; Kepler Harmonizes Observations I74; Galileo on the -- Probability of the Coperican Hypothesis I45 -- 7. Soft Science and History 261 -- The Physiognomics 261; Divination and Astrology 461; The Empiric -- School of Medicine on Drug Testing i56; The Talmud and Mai- -- monides on Majorities 271; Vernacular Averaging and Quality Control -- I57; Experimentation in Biology I77; The Authority of Histories 08; -- The Authenticity of Documents I48; Valla and the Donation of Constan- -- tine 781; Cano on the Signs of True Histories 291 -- 8. Philosophy: Action and Induction 591 -- Careades's Mitigated Skepticism 691; The Epicureans on Inference -- from Signs 002; Inductive Skepticism and Avicenna's Reply 202; -- Aquinas on Tendencies 302; Scotus and Ockham on Induction 602; -- Nicholas of Autrecourt 2o0; The Decline of the West 612; Bacon and -- Descartes: Certainty? or Moral Certainty? 72; The Jesuits and Hobbes -- on Induction 222; Pascal's Deductivist Philosophy of Science 422 -- 9. Religion: Laws of God, Laws of Nature 822 -- The Argument from Design 822; The Church Fathers 032; Inductive -- Skepticism by Revelation 232; John of Salisbury 332; Maimonides on -- Creation 532; Are Laws of Nature Necessary? 732; The Reasonable- -- ness of Christianity 242; Pascal's Wager 942 -- io. Aleatory Contracts: Insurance, Annuities, and Bets 852 -- The Price of Peril 952; Doubtful Claims inJewish Law 162; Olivi on -- Usury and Future Profits 262; Pricing Life Annuities 962; Speculation -- in Public Debt 272; Insurance Rates 372; Renaissance Bets and Specu- -- lation 872; Lots and Lotteries 382; Commerce and the Casuists 582 -- 11. Dice 982 -- Games of Chance in Antiquity 982; The Medieval Manuscript on the -- Interrupted Game 192; Cardano 692; Gamblers and Casuists 003; -- Galileo's Fragment 203; De M6er and Roberval 203; The Fermat- -- Pascal Correspondence 603; Huygens' Reckoning in Games of Chance -- 313; Caramuel 613 -- 21. Conclusion 123 -- Subsymbolic Probability and the Transition to Symbols 423; Kinds of -- Probability and the Stages in Discovering Them 623; Why Not Ear- -- lier? 033; Two Parallel Histories 043; The Genius of the Scholastics -- and the Orbit of Aristotle 343; The Place of Law in the History of Ideas -- 843; Conclusion and Moral 063 -- Epilogue: The Survival of Unquantified Probability 263 -- The Port-RoyalLogic. 263; Leibniz's Logic of Probability 363; To the -- Present 563

Entry Element

History ، Probabilities

Entry Element

History ، Evidence

Class number

Dates

3591-

Entry Element

Franklin, James

Relator Code

AU

TI