Cover Half-Title Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; List of Tables; Acknowledgments; A Note on Translations andCitations; 1 Introduction; 2 Kantian Morality and Estrangement; 2.1 Moral evil as estrangement; 2.2 Moral philosophy as critical theory; 2.2.1 Morality as the expression of freedom; 2.2.2 Moral psychology; 2.2.3 The accommodation of happiness; 2.2.4 The unity of reason; 2.3 Hegel: Kantian morality as estrangement; 2.3.1 Motivational estrangement; 2.3.2 Content estrangement; 2.3.3 Moral individualism; 3 Hegel: Actualization of the Free Will 3.1 Philosophy, freedom, and estrangement3.2 The free will as its own object; 3.3 Abstract right; 3.3.1 Personality; 3.3.2 Property and contract; 3.3.3 Wrong; 3.4 Morality; 3.5 Ethical life; 3.6 Marx: the persistence of estrangement; 4 Marx: Economic Estrangement; 4.1 Doctrinal inversion, real inversion; 4.2 Commodity production; 4.2.1 Social relations of commodity production; 4.2.2 Commodity fetishism; 4.3 Capital; 4.4 The real subjection of labor to capital; 4.5 Reproduction and accumulation; 4.5.1 Simple reproduction; 4.5.2 Conversion of surplus value into capital 4.5.3 Unemployment and poverty4.6 Hegel revisited; 4.6.1 Commodity production; 4.6.2 Division of labor and machinery; 4.6.3 The commodity form as a semblance of freedom; 4.6.4 Poverty and Hegel's rabble; 5 Marx: Prices and the Rate of Profit; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Marx's view of values and prices; 5.3 Critical analysis of Marx's proposal; 6 Strategic Estrangement; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Rationality; 6.3 Social form; 6.4 Information; 6.4.1 Extrinsic information and independent agency; 6.4.2 Extrinsic information and collective agency; 6.5 Inversion; 6.5.1 A definition; 6.5.2 An example 6.5.3 Inversion and reason6.6 Marx revisited; 7 Rawls: Toward a Well-Ordered Society; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Rawls as a philosopher of estrangement; 7.3 Moral estrangement; 7.3.1 G. A. Cohen's critique of the difference principle; 7.3.2 An alternative critique; 7.4 Economic estrangement; 7.4.1 Economic instrumentalism; 7.4.2 The index of primary goods; 7.4.3 Commodity production again; 7.5 Individualism again; 7.6 Conclusion; Appendix A: Supplement to Chapter 5; A.1 Construction of system E*; A.2 A Perron-Frobenius theorem; A.3 The 'Fundamental Marxian Theorem'; Bibliography; Index The book recasts the concept of estrangement as ??reason in an unreasonable form', traces its development in writings of Kant, Hegel, and Marx, supplies a game-theoretic reconstruction of it, and assesses its significance for a critical understanding of John Rawls's philosophy