Section I.Introduction --Introduction: nutrition and exercise concerns of middle age /Judy A. Driskell --Section II.Energy-yielding nutrients --Carbohydrates /Michael S. Green and J. Andrew Doyle --Lipids /Sarah J. Ehlers, Heather E. Rasmussen, and Ji-Young Lee --Proteins /Brian S. Snyder and Mark D. Haub --Section III.Vitamins --Fat-soluble vitamins /Maria Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis and Gayatri Borthakur --Vitamin C /Herb E. Schellhorn and Yi Li --B-vitamins /George U. Liepa ...[et al.] --Section IV.Minerals --Major minerals--calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus /Forrest H. Nielsen --Iron /Emily M. Haymes --Trace elements excluding iron--chromium and zinc /Henry C. Lukaski and Angus G. Scrimgeour --Section V.Fluids and hydration --Fluids, electrolytes, and hydration /Douglas S. Kalman --Section VI.Other commonly consumed substances --Caffeine and tannins /Joy Kandiah and Valerie A. Amend --Herbal supplements /Jidong Sun and David W. Giraud --Section VII.Recreational activities --Endurance training /Shawn R. Simonson and Catherine G. Ratzin-Jackson --Resistance training /Robert J. Moffatt, Jacob M. Wilson, and Tait Lawrence --Section VIII.Age-related disorders --Cardiovascular issues /Susan Hazels Mitmesser --Cancer /Farid E. Ahmed.