"In the twentieth century, Dutch religious studies have been decisively influenced by two external factors: the vicissitudes of the Netherlands as a major colonial power and the gradually declining impact of theology upon the intellectual discourse. In this paper, the notion "primitive religion", representing an apposite test-case, is examined, as it is used by four influential scholars in the field: C.P. Tiele, G. Van der Leeuw, Th.P. Van Baaren and F. Sierksma. In the twentieth century, Dutch religious studies have been decisively influenced by two external factors: the vicissitudes of the Netherlands as a major colonial power and the gradually declining impact of theology upon the intellectual discourse. In this paper, the notion "primitive religion", representing an apposite test-case, is examined, as it is used by four influential scholars in the field: C.P. Tiele, G. Van der Leeuw, Th.P. Van Baaren and F. Sierksma."