ʿĀbid (ʿĀbid is the penname of ʿĀbid Kh v āja b. Mīrak Kh v āja, who also used the pennames ʿĀbidī and Mujrim) lived in the second half of the eighteenth century and the early nineteenth. He was born in Bukhara, in the village of Kumushkent. He graduated from the Mīr ʿArab madrasa in Bukhara. In the preface to his Chaghatay dīvān (collection of a poet's poems), he mentions two Bukharan rulers of the Manghit dynasty (1753-1920), Amīr Maʿṣūm Shāh Murād (r. 1785-1800), as deceased, and Amīr