Āfāq, Khwāja and the Āfāqiyya - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
[Article]
DeWeese, Devin A.
Leiden
Brill
(1,527 words)
Khwāja Hidāyatallāh Āfāq (1035-1105/1626-94) was the namesake of the Āfāqiyya , a hereditary and initiatic Ṣūfī lineage descended from the Central Asian Naqshbandī shaykh Makhdūm-i Aʿẓam (d. 949/1542); the Āfāqiyya was so called because of Khwāja Āfāq's pivotal role in establishing the religious and political power of this lineage in Eastern Turkestan during the second half of the eleventh/seventeenth century. (The now widespread Naqshbandī Ṣūfī order takes its name from Bahāʾ al-Dīn Naqshband, d. 791/1389, of Bukhara). Khwāja Āfāq was the son