The ʿAlids are descendants of ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, the first Shīʿī imām and the fourth caliph. ʿAlī is reported by most sources on ʿAlid (ʿAlawī) genealogy to have had eighteen sons (fourteen, according to al-Ṭabarī, and eleven according to al-Masʿūdī), and some seventeen daughters (Table 1). Table 1. Genealogical table of the ʿAlids. From EI2. Only five of ʿAlī's sons left issue: al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn (by Fāṭima, the daughter of the prophet Muḥammad); Muḥammad, known as Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafiyya (by Khawla, from the