Lūdhiāńā is a district and a city in the Jalandhar division of the Indian state of Panjāb. The tract is an alluvial plain covering 3,614 square kilometres and bounded on the north by the river Sutlej. It has generally been a frontier area. On the high road from Central Asia, it has been crossed by waves of conquest and migration. During the last two hundred fifty years it has seen struggles for supremacy between the Durrānī Afghāns and the Mughals, between the Sikhs and the British, and, recently, between