Khusraw Shāh b. Bahrām Shāh (r. c.552-5/1157-60) was the penultimate ruler of the Ghaznavids (r. 366-582/977-1186 over what is now Afghanistan, Khurāsān, Baluchistan and northwestern India). Little is known of his reign and that of his son Khusraw Malik (r. 555-81/ 1160-86), due to the scantiness of materials. There are also many discrepancies between the two major authors documenting the period, namely, Ibn al-Athīr (d. 630/1233) and Minhāj-i Sīrāj-i Jūzjānī (d. after 657-8/1259-60); Ibn