Dakhinī (or Dakhanī, Dakkinī, lit., southern) is a southern form of Hindi- Urdu that was, and to some extent still is, spoken in the Deccan. The mixed language of northern India, Hindi or Hindavī, migrated south with itinerant religious men as early as the fifth/eleventh century and with troops during the military expeditions led by the sultan of Delhi, ʿAlāʾ al-Dîn Khaljī (r. 695-715/1296-1316). When Muḥammad b. Tughluq (r. 725-52/1325-51), the second sultan of the following dynasty, the Tughluqids (r. 720-804/