Ali Ekrem (ʿAlī Ekrem) Bolayır (1284-1356/1867-1937), a Turkish poet, writer, and civil servant, was born in Istanbul, on 1-2 Rebiülahir (Rabīʿ II/2 August 1867). His father was the celebrated poet, writer, and publicist Namık Kemal (Nāmıq Kemāl, d. 1306/1888), the moving spirit behind the Young Ottoman movement, which laid the ideological ground for the promulgation of the 1293/1876 constitution by Sultan Abdülhamid (ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd) II (r. 1293-1327/1876-1909). Because of his father's wanderings, Ali Ekrem received his education primarily