The creation of albums -generally called muraqqaʿ (Ar., "patchwork"; jung , the equivalent Persian term, means "ship") and containing a varied assemblage of works on paper-was a relatively late development in the history of the Islamic arts of the book. Albums began to be compiled in the early ninth/fifteenth century under the Tīmūrids (r. 771-913/1370-1506), and the practice evidently was adopted later by the Akkoyunlu (Āq Qoyunlu) Turkmens (r. 798-914/1396-1508). Album-making continued as a significant form of artistic production in Iran throughout