Al-Karrāmiyya were an ascetic missionary movement centred on north-eastern Iran and neighbouring regions from the third/ninth to the sixth/twelfth centuries. 1. The founder Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. Karrām (d. 20 Ṣafar 255/7 February 869) was born to a family from Sijistān (Sīstān), in what is now south-eastern Iran, around 184/800-according to one Karrāmī tradition-in Mecca while his parents were on pilgrimage there (Zysow, Karrāmiya). He was said by his followers to have been of Arab stock, but this was sometimes called