Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references.
Preface; Contents; General Introd uction; Part 1; Ch. 2: Between symbol and doctrine: the conceptualization of conscience untill the early Middle Ages; Ch.3: Between symbol and doctrine: differentiation and doctrinalization -- the religious conscience before and after the Reformation; Ch. 4: Between symbol and doctrine: the first wave of criticism -- the seventeenth century; Ch. 5: Between symbol and doctrine: Conscience grounded in Nature and Reason; Ch. 6: Between symbol and doctrine: the second wave of criticism -- the nineteenth century; Ch. 7: Twentieth-century concepts of conscience
Ch. 8: A fluid concept of consciencePart 2; Ch. 9: Conscience and freedom of conscience; Ch. 10: The problem of order; Ch. 11: Between idealism and pragmatism; Ch. 12: Solutions to the problem of order; Part 3; Ch. 13: Identifying conscientious objections; Ch. 14: Conscie ntious objection, the state, and the law; Ch. 15: Two case studies; Ch. 16: Philosophical foundations of conscientious objection; References; Samenvatting (Dutch summary)
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In Western countries conscientious objection is usually accommodated in various ways, at least in certain areas (military conscription, medicine) and to some extent. They appear to be regarded as fundamentally different from other kinds of objection. But why? This study argues that conscientious objection cannot be understood as long as conscience is misunderstood. The author provides a new interpretation of the historical development of expressions of conscience and thought on the subject, and offers a new approach to conscientious objection rooted in the symbol-approach to conscience.-- Publisher's description.