Synthesis lectures on information concepts, retrieval, and services,
#11
1947-9468 ;
Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-71).
1. Introduction -- The structure of this lecture -- Not addressed here -- How to use this lecture -- 2. Original visions and concepts -- Knowledge and association -- Non-linearity and navigation -- Augmentation and serendipity -- 3. Steps in the evolution -- Original systems -- Reference systems -- Data models -- Open hypermedia architectures -- Component-based applications -- Group and collaborative behavior -- The media evolution -- 4. Information and structured documents -- The origins -- Reference standards -- 5. Web-based environments -- 6. Some research trends -- Adaptive hypermedia -- Social linking -- 7. A framework of traits -- 8. A phylogenetic analysis -- An evolutionary analysis of hypermedia systems -- The phylogenetic trees and diagrams -- Discussion of the analysis -- 9. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Authors' biographies.
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Since the late nineties, the Web became the standard framework for hypermedia systems, and integrated a large number of the initial concepts and techniques. Yet, other paths are still open. This lecture maps a simple "genome" of hypermedia systems, based on an initial survey of primitive systems that established architectural and functional characteristics, or traits. These are analyzed and consolidated using phylogenetic analysis tools, to infer families of systems and evolution opportunities. This method may prove to be inspiring for more systematic perspectives of technological landscapes.
The design space of information services evolved from seminal works through a set of prototypical hypermedia systems and matured in open and widely accessible web-based systems. The original concepts of hypermedia systems are now expressed in different forms and shapes. The first works on hypertext invented the term itself, laid out the foundational concept of association or link, and highlighted navigation as the core paradigm for the future information systems. The first engineered systems demonstrated architectural requirements and models and fostered the emergence of the conceptual model related with the information systems and the information design. The artifacts for interaction, navigation, and search, grew from the pioneering systems. Multimedia added a new dimension to hypertext, and mutated the term into hypermedia. The adaptation of the primitive models and mechanisms to the space of continuous media led to a further conceptual level and to the reinvention of information design methods. Hypermedia systems also became an ideal space for collaboration and cooperative work. Information access and sharing, and group work were enabled and empowered by distributed hypermedia systems. As with many technologies, a winning technical paradigm, in our case the World Wide Web, concentrated the design options, the architectural choices and the interaction and navigation styles.