عنوان

General Purpose Technology, Spin-Out, and Innovation :

9789811337130

9789811337147

9789811337154

9811337136

9811337144

9811337152

9789811337130

General Purpose Technology, Spin-Out, and Innovation :

[Book]

Technological Development of Laser Diodes in the United States and Japan /

Hiroshi Shimizu.

Singapore :

Springer,

[2019]

1 online resource

Advances in Japanese business and economics ;

volume 21

Includes bibliographical references.

Intro; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Author; List of Figures; List of Tables; Part I: Big Tree with Thick Trunk and Its Fruits; Chapter 1: Aim and Framework; 1.1 Research Aim and Its Importance; 1.2 Analytical Framework and Case Selection; 1.2.1 Longitudinal Industry-Level Analysis; 1.2.2 Case Selection; 1.3 Analytical Focus; Chapter 2: Theoretical Background: General Purpose Technology, Pattern of Innovation, and Spin-Out; 2.1 Highly Versatile Technology and Incremental Development; 2.2 Patterns of Innovation; 2.2.1 Paradigm and Innovation

2.2.1.1 Paradigm in the Structure of Scientific Revolution2.2.1.2 Focusing Device; 2.2.1.3 Technological Trajectory; 2.2.2 Trade-Offs in Innovations; 2.2.2.1 Dominant Design; 2.2.2.2 Dominant Design and Industrial Life Cycle; 2.2.2.3 S-Shaped Curve and Dematuration; 2.2.3 Summary; 2.3 Spin-Outs and Innovation; 2.3.1 Spin-Outs and Innovation; 2.3.1.1 Spin-Outs and Knowledge Ripple Effect; 2.3.1.2 Relationship Between Parental Firm and a Spin-out; 2.3.2 Spin-out Promoting Factors; 2.3.2.1 Labor Mobility; 2.3.2.2 Financing for Startups; 2.3.2.3 Submarkets and New Entrants; 2.3.3 Summary

2.4 Position of this StudyChapter 3: Data; 3.1 Innovation and Technological Change; 3.2 Measuring Innovation and Technology; 3.2.1 Total Factor Productivity; 3.2.2 R & D Investment; 3.2.3 Patent; 3.2.4 Expert Opinion and Award; 3.3 Data for Analysis of This Study; 3.3.1 Data on Technology; 3.3.2 Data on Firm Strategy; 3.3.3 Data on Business Environments; Chapter 4: Technological Characteristics of Laser and Laser Diode; 4.1 Laser and Its Basic Principle; 4.2 Basic Structure and Manufacturing Process of Laser Diode; 4.2.1 Crystal Growth; 4.2.2 Electrode Process; 4.2.3 Pelletizing

4.2.4 Measurement/Evaluation4.3 Material Selection and Manufacturing Technology; 4.3.1 Material Selection; 4.3.2 Epitaxy; 4.3.2.1 Liquid Phase Epitaxy: LPE; 4.3.2.2 Molecular Beam Epitaxy: MBE; 4.3.2.3 Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition: MOCVD; 4.4 Characteristics and Market of Laser Diode; Part II: R & D and Market Competition of Laser Diodes in the U.S. and Japan; Chapter 5: Birth of the Laser Diode: It All Started in the U.S.; 5.1 Birth of the Maser; 5.2 From Maser to Laser; 5.3 Birth of Laser Diode; 5.4 Competition for Continuous Wave Operation at Room Temperature; 5.5 Summary

Chapter 6: Continuous Wave Operation at Room Temperature and Long Operating Life: Catch Up of the Japanese Firms6.1 Achievement of Continuous Wave Operation at Room Temperature; 6.2 Izuo Hayashi and Bell Laboratories; 6.3 Tens of Thousands of Hours Away from A Few Seconds; 6.4 Rising Level of Japanese Research: Longer Service Life; 6.4.1 Development of BH Laser and CSP Laser at Hitachi; 6.4.2 Development of TJS Laser at Mitsubishi Electric; 6.4.3 Rise of R & D Level and Start of Commercialization; 6.5 Research Community in Japan; 6.6 Summary

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This book focuses on exploring the relationship between spin-outs from incumbents and the patterns of innovation in general purpose technology. Do spin-outs really promote innovation? What happens if star scientists leave the incumbents and establish a startup to target untapped markets? Entrepreneurial spin-outs have been recognized as an engine of innovation. General purpose technology, such as the steam engine in the Industrial Revolution, has been considered an engine of growth. This book provides new perspectives on how entrepreneurial spin-outs shape the patterns of innovation in general purpose technology by integrating theoretical findings in industrial organizations and includes innovation studies and detailed evidence from a longitudinal case study. Concretely, by longitudinally exploring the technological development of laser diodes in the USA and Japan, this study examines how the existence or absence of an entrepreneurial strategic choice for spin-outs influences the patterns of subsequent technological development. The longitudinal analysis in this book shows that spin-outs could hinder the subsequent development of existing technology when that technology is still at a nascent level, because the cumulative effects of technological development could disappear if research and development personnel leave their parent firms in order to target different sub-markets. The findings of this book show that institutional settings designed to promote spin-outs do not necessarily promote innovation. The book offers novel theoretical insights into the relationship between institutions promoting spin-outs and the developments of general purpose technology.

Springer Nature

com.springer.onix.9789811337147

9789811337130

9789811337154

Semiconductor lasers.

Technological innovations.

SCIENCE-- Applied Sciences.

Semiconductor lasers.

Technological innovations.

TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING-- Inventions.

TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING-- Reference.

KC

KC

SCI-- 003000

TEC-- 035000

TEC-- 057000

Shimizu, Hiroshi,1973-

20200823234104.0

pn

[Book]

Y