Intro; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Editors; Novel Therapeutics and Diagnostics Strategies Based on Engineered Nanobiomaterials; 1 Introduction; 2 Salient Features of Nanomaterials; 3 Biomedical Applications of Nanomaterials; 3.1 Bone Tissue Engineering; 3.2 Stem Cell Therapy; 3.3 Potential Therapeutics for Neurodegeneration; 3.4 Cancer Therapy; 3.5 Wound Healing Applications; 4 Drug Delivery; 4.1 Nano-emulsions; 4.2 Inorganic Nanoparticles; 4.2.1 Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs); 4.2.2 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs); 4.2.3 Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs); 4.2.4 Quantum Dots (QDs)
1 Introduction1.1 Mechanism of siRNA Interference; 2 Advantages of siRNA; 2.1 Potency; 2.2 Selectivity; 2.3 Safe and Cheap Alternative; 3 Routes of Administration of siRNA; 3.1 Localized Delivery; 3.1.1 Topical Administration; 3.1.2 Ocular Administration; 3.1.3 Pulmonary Administration; 3.1.4 Gastrointestinal Administration; 3.1.5 Central Nervous System Administration; 3.1.6 Vaginal Administration; 3.2 Systemic Delivery; 3.2.1 Oral Administration; 3.2.2 Intravenous Administration; 3.2.3 Intraperitoneal Administration; 4 Major Hurdles to the Therapeutic Delivery of siRNA; 4.1 Transient Effect
3.2.2 Necrosis3.2.3 Secondary or Apoptotic Necrosis; 3.2.4 Factors Affecting Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT); 3.2.5 Mechanism of Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT); 4 Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy by Different Gold Nanostructures; 4.1 Gold Nanospheres; 4.2 Gold Nanorods (GNRs); 4.3 Gold Nanoshells (GNSs); 4.4 Gold Nanocages (GNCs) and Gold Nanorattles (GNRTs); 4.5 Gold Nanostars (GNSTs) and Gold Nanopopcorns (GNPs); 4.6 Gold Nanoaggregates; 5 Summary and Outlook; References; Nanomaterials-Based siRNA Delivery: Routes of Administration, Hurdles and Role of Nanocarriers
4.2 Stability4.3 Physiological Barriers; 4.4 Cellular Uptake and Endosomal Engulfing; 4.5 Off-Target Effect; 4.6 Saturation of RNAi Machinery; 4.7 Stimulation of Immune System by siRNAs; 5 Overcoming the Hurdles to siRNA Delivery Using Nanocarriers; 6 The Aid of Nanocarriers for siRNA Delivery; 6.1 Enhanced Blood Retention Time; 6.2 Enhanced Stability and Cell Penetration Property; 6.3 Site-Specific Delivery; 6.4 pH-Sensitive Trigger Release; 6.5 Avoid Intracellular Endosomal Engulfing; 7 Classification of Nanocarriers Used for Systemic Delivery of siRNA; 7.1 Organic Nanocarriers
5 Nanomaterials in Diagnostics5.1 Nanocomposites; 5.2 Nanoparticles; 5.3 Quantum Dots; 6 Conclusions and Future Prospective; References; Gold Nanostructures for Photothermal Therapy; 1 Introduction; 2 Types of Gold Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties; 2.1 Gold Nanospheres; 2.2 Gold Nanorods; 2.3 Gold Nanoshells; 2.4 Gold Nanocages and Nanorattles; 2.5 Gold Nanostars (GNSTs) and Gold Nanopopcorns (GNPs); 3 Mechanism of Heat Generation and Cell Death Induced by Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PTT); 3.1 Mechanism of Heat Generation; 3.2 Mechanism of Cell Death; 3.2.1 Apoptosis
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The book introduces the basic concepts of nanotechnology and the various technologies to characterize nanomaterials. It also covers the nanostructural features of mammalian cells/tissues and related nanomechanical properties. In addition, the book comprehensively describes the current state-of-the-art and future perspectives of nanotechnology in biosensors. It also discusses the potential of nanotechnology for delivering the diverse cancer therapeutics and illustrates its limitation due to the potential toxicity associated with oxidative stress. It also highlights the ethical issues and translational aspects related to nanotechnology. Finally, it summarizes the applications of nanotechnology in animal biotechnology, the recent perspectives and future challenges of nanomedicines. The content of the book are beneficial for the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students as well the professionals working in the area of nanotechnology and nanomedicines.