عنوان

Rome and the Indian Ocean trade from Augustus to the early third century CE /

9004373098

9789004373099

9004376577

9789004376571

Rome and the Indian Ocean trade from Augustus to the early third century CE /

[Book]

by Matthew Adam Cobb.

Boston :

Brill,

[2018]

viii, 355 pages :

illustrations (some color), maps ;

25 cm

Mnemosyne supplements. History and archaeology of classical antiquity,

volume 418

2352-8656 ;

Includes bibliographical references (pages 307-348) and index.

Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction -- Scope of the Book -- Key Themes -- Development of Trade -- Barter and Bullion -- The Peak Period of Roman Trade -- Schedules, Practicalities and Roman Diasporas -- Indian Ocean Goods and Roman Society -- Scholarly Developments -- Approaching the Evidence -- Archaeological Evidence -- Eplgraphlc and Papyrologlcal Evidence -- Literary Evidence -- Methodological Approaches -- Summary -- 2. The Ptolemies and the Erythra Thalassa -- Early Ptolemaic Activity in the Red Sea -- Ptolemaic Trade In East Africa -- Ptolemaic Trade with Arabia -- Early Ptolemaic Trade with India -- Voyages over the Open Ocean: The Monsoon Trade Winds -- Increasing Trade -- Ptolemaic Monopolies -- Ptolemaic Egypt and the Port of Arikamedu -- Ptolemaic Routes and Facilities -- Myos Hormos and Berenike -- The Desert Routes and the Nile Emporia -- Summary -- 3.Organisation and Finance -- Merchants and Financiers -- Graeco-Egyptlans -- Jewish Egyptians

Note continued: Indian and Arabian Merchants in Egypt -- Roman Merchants in Indian Ocean Ports -- The Yavanas -- Romans in the Far East -- Summary -- 6. Imports -- Imports from the Indian Ocean -- Staples, Foodstuffs, and Drinks -- Textiles and Clothing -- Bulk Goods: Non-precious Metals, Woods, and Stones -- Plant Products: Spices, Aromatics, Toiletries, Drugs, and Dyes -- Slaves -- Animals -- Precious Materials: Gemstones, Semiprecious Beads, and Animal Products -- Indian Ocean Imports: An Overview -- Indian Ocean Goods and Roman Society -- Economic Impact on the Roman Elite -- Indian Ocean Goods and the Wider Population -- Summary -- 7. Exports -- Exports from the Mediterranean World -- Foodstuffs and Olive Oil -- Wine -- Textiles and Clothing -- Drugs, Dyes, Spices, and Compounds -- Animals -- Slaves -- Glassware and Raw Glass -- Stone Objects and Terracottas -- Non-precious Metals: Copper, Brass, Bronze, Iron, Lead, and Tin -- Precious Metals: Gold and Silver

Note continued: Precious Materials: Gem Stones and Coral -- Summary: The Export of the Roman Empire -- Roman Coins in India -- Regional Variations and Methodological Issues -- Find Spots -- Roman Coin Numbers in India -- State of Wear of Roman Coins in India -- Roman Coinage as an Indicator of Trade Fluctuations -- The Impact of Nero's Currency Reform (64 CE) -- Summary: Coinage -- 8. Rome's Trade Balance with India -- A Roman Trade Deficit? -- The Significance of Gold and Silver as Exports -- Ballast and Stowage -- Crew Provisions -- Summary -- 9. The Peak of Roman Trade in the Indian Ocean -- Roman Participation in the Indian Ocean Trade: The Second and Third Centuries -- Archaeological Evidence: The Dating of Roman Exports -- Archaeological Evidence: The Red Sea Ports and the Intensity of Occupation during the Principate -- Red Sea Ports -- Interpreting the Chronological Patterns -- Decline in Demand -- Difficulties in the Eastern Desert

Note continued: The Eastern Mediterranean and Levant -- Italians and Merchants from the Western Empire -- The Scale of Investment -- Ship Design and Construction -- Summary -- 4. The Roman State and the Indian Ocean Trade -- Facilitating the Trade -- Dating the Stations -- Skopelol -- Administration and Security -- The Roman Military and the Indigenous Population of the Eastern Desert -- Providing Security and Escorts -- Taxation and Tolls -- Roman Military and Diplomatic Policy -- Red Sea Fleet -- Embassies and Diplomatic Policy -- The Imperial Family's Commercial Interests? -- Summary -- 5. Trade Routes and Merchant Diasporas -- Trading Routes and Schedules -- From Alexandria to the Red Sea Coast -- Alternative Routes in the Eastern Desert and the Red Sea -- From the Red Sea Ports to Adulls -- The Gulf of Aden and East Africa -- To India and Back -- The Return to Alexandria -- The Egypt-Indian Ocean Circuit -- Mediterranean Integration -- Merchant Diasporas

Note continued: The Importance of the Persian Gulf -- 10. Conclusion -- The Development of Roman Trade in the Indian Ocean -- Schedules, Practicalities and Roman Diasporas -- Indian Ocean Goods and Roman Society -- Barter and Bullion -- The Peak Period of Roman Trade -- Afterword.

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"In Rome and the Indian Ocean Trade from Augustus to the Early Third Century CE Matthew Adam Cobb examines the development of commercial exchange between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean worlds from the Roman annexation of Egypt (30 BCE) up to the early third century CE. Among the issues considered are the identities of those involved, how they organised and financed themselves, the challenges they faced (scheduling, logistics, security, sailing conditions), and the types of goods they traded. Drawing upon an expanding corpus of new evidence, Cobb aims to reassess a number of long-standing scholarly assumptions about the nature of Roman participation in this trade. These range from its chronological development to its economic and social impact"--

Rome and the Indian Ocean trade from Augustus to the early third century CE.

9789004376571

Trade routes-- Indian Ocean Region-- History.

Commerce.

Underwater archaeology.

Indian Ocean Region, Commerce, Rome.

Rome, Commerce, Indian Ocean Region.

Italy.

Rome (Empire)

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Cobb, Matthew Adam

20200823211744.0

rda

[Book]

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