Catholicism and the century of lights -- The ultramontane movement -- The eve of the council -- Under way and moving toward Dei Filius -- Infallibility.
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"In the nineteenth century, the foundations upon which the Catholic Church had rested for centuries were shaken by liberalism. At the Vatican Council of 1869-1870, the church made a dramatic effort to set things right by defining the doctrine of papal infallibility. As a result, the church became more pope-centered than ever before" --
In the nineteenth century, the foundations upon which the Catholic Church had rested for centuries were shaken by liberalism. At the Vatican Council of 1869-1870, the church made a dramatic effort to set things right by defining the doctrine of papal infallibility. O'Malley draws us into the bitter controversies over papal infallibility that at one point seemed destined to rend the church in two. The growing tension in the council played out within the larger drama of the seizure of the Papal States by Italian forces and its seemingly inevitable consequence, the conquest of Rome itself. In the aftermath, the Catholic Church became ultramontane: advocating supreme papal authority in matters of faith and discipline. -- adapted from jacket and online dictionary
Vatican Council(1st :1869-1870 :, Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano)