Modeling crop rotations and co-products in agricultural life cycle assessments /
[Book]
Gerhard Brankatschk.
Wiesbaden, Germany :
Springer Vieweg,
2018.
1 online resource
Includes bibliographical references.
Intro; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Summary; Zusammenfassung; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Challenges in Life Cycle Assessments for Agricultural Systems; 1.2 Research Questions and Research Targets of This Work; 2 Results; 2.1 Application of the Cereal Unit in A New Allocation Procedure for Agricultural Life Cycle Assessments; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.1.1 Need for an Allocation Procedure in Attributional LCA Modeling for Agricultural Products; 2.1.1.2 Different Allocation Methods as Source of Uncertainty
2.1.1.3 Unintended Ignoring or Double Counting of Environmental Burden due to Different Allocation Methods2.1.1.4 The Cereal Unit as Basis for an Allocation Approach; 2.1.2 Material and Methods -- the Cereal Unit; 2.1.3 The Cereal Unit Allocation Procedure; 2.1.3.1 Calculation Procedure; 2.1.3.2 Comparison of Different Allocation Approaches; 2.1.4 Discussion; 2.1.4.1 Cereal Unit Allocation versus Other Allocation Alternatives; 2.1.4.2 Vegetable and Animal in the Same System; 2.1.4.3 Agricultural Co-Products in Supply-Chains; 2.1.4.4 Error and Uncertainty Analysis
2.1.4.5 The Cereal Unit -- Representative of Most Agricultural Products and Co-Products2.1.4.6 Cereal Unit in Other Countries; 2.1.5 Conclusions; 2.2 Supplementary Data -- Application of the Cereal Unit in A New Allocation Procedure for Agricultural Life Cycle Assessments; 2.2.1 Cereal Unit Conversion Factors for Several Agricultural Products; 2.2.2 Material and Methods -- The Cereal Unit; 2.2.2.1 Calculation of the Cereal Unit; 2.2.2.1.1 Cereal Unit of Products Used as Livestock Feed; 2.2.2.1.2 Cereal Unit of Vegetable Products Not Used as Livestock Feed; 2.2.2.1.3 Animal Products
2.2.2.1.4 Summary of Cereal Unit Calculation2.3 Modeling Crop Rotation in Agricultural LCAs -- Challenges and Potential Solutions; 2.3.1 Introduction and Problem Description; 2.3.1.1 Historical Outline of Crop Rotation; 2.3.1.2 Features of Crop Rotations; 2.3.1.3 Positive Crop-Rotation Effects: the Example of Crop Residues; 2.3.1.4 Existing Approaches and Limitations for Inclusion of Crop-Rotation Effects in LCA; 2.3.1.5 The Need to Include Crop-Rotation Effects in LCA: the Example of Crop Residues; 2.3.2 Material and Methods; 2.3.2.1 Mathematical Description of Crop Rotations
2.3.2.2 By-Product Allocation Approaches and Product-System Expansion2.3.3 Methodological Proposal; 2.3.4 Discussion; 2.3.5 Conclusions; 2.4 Crop Rotations and Crop Residues are Relevant for Carbon Footprints; 2.4.1 Introduction; 2.4.2 Methods; 2.4.2.1 Reference Studies; 2.4.2.2 Integrating Crop Rotation Effects and Crop Residues in PCF Results; 2.4.3 Results and Discussion; 2.4.3.1 Impacts of Considering Crop Rotations; 2.4.3.2 Impacts of Considering Crop Residues; 2.4.3.3 Life Cycle Inventory Methods for Assessing Sustainable Agricultural Practices; 2.4.4 Conclusion
2.5 Supplementary Material -- Crop Rotations and Crop Residues are Relevant Parameters for Agricultural Carbon Footprints
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Modeling crop rotations and co-products in agricultural life cycle assessments.