Social Philosophy of Science for the Social Sciences /
[Book]
Jaan Valsiner, editor.
Cham :
Springer,
2020.
1 online resource (299 pages)
Theory and History in the Human and Social Sciences Ser.
Statistical Explanation
Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: General Introduction: Social Sciences Between Knowledge and Ideologies -- Need for Philosophy -- Society's Suicide: Reliance on Opinions -- Social Philosophy of Science: Beyond Paradigms to Sociodigms and Metadigms -- What Is Social Philosophy of Science? -- The Origins and Overview of the Present Volume -- References -- Part I: Social and Cognitive Roots for Reflexivity upon the Research Process -- Chapter 2: Social Sciences, What for? On the Manifold Directions of Social Research -- Return on Investment Versus Intrinsic Value
Chapter 5: Conditional Objectivism: A Strategy for Connecting the Social Sciences and Practical Decision-Making -- How to Derive Practical Recommendations from Empirical Evidence -- Protected Values -- Consequentialist Test of Utilitarian Value -- Plurality of Values -- Conditional Objectivism -- The Principles of Conditional Objectivism -- Why Conditional Objectivism and Similar Approaches Are Needed -- Open Problems -- The Problem of Motivated Testing -- The Problem of Underspecification in Data Interpretation -- The Problem of Including and Weighting Values -- The Problem of Side Effects
Citizen Versus Academic Relevance -- Applied Versus Basic Social Research -- A Common Framework -- Concluding Remarks: Finding Common Ground -- References -- Chapter 3: Vitenskapsteori: What, Why, and How? -- The Special Case of Norway -- What Is Vitenskapsteori? -- Why Vitenskapsteori? -- How to Master Vitenskapsteori -- Vitenskapsteori as a Battle Field -- Vitenskapsteori as a Modern Project in a Small Country: Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Culture or Biology? If This Sounds Interesting, You Might Be Confused -- Introduction -- What Are "Biological Differences"?
Men on Steroids: An Example -- What Is a "Biological Difference"? -- Psychological Essentialism and How It Thinks of "Biological Differences" -- Psychological Essentialism -- Interpreting Biology as Concerned with Essences -- Explaining the Controversy -- Psychological Essentialism Deeply Distorts Biology -- There Are No Internal Biological Essences -- Heritability Does Not Imply Genetic Causation -- Genetic Causation Does Not Preclude Environmental Causation -- Hormone Levels Change and Hard-Wired Brains May Be Flexible -- Conclusion -- Bibliography
The Problem of Intuitive Judgments -- The Problem of Relativism -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Towards Reflexivity in the Sciences: Anthropological Reflections on Science and Society -- Between Impact and "Grimpact": Practical Recommendations to Avoidance of Harm -- Sciences, "Societies," and Points of View -- Towards a Non-dualistic Perspective in Sciences -- Manifold and Uneven Paths Towards Reflexivity -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Part II: Philosophies of Explanation in the Social Sciences -- Chapter 7: Explanation: Guidance for Social Scientists
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Social Philosophy of Science for the Social Sciences.