عنوان

Open standards and the digital age :

1107039193

1107612047

9781107039193

9781107612044

Open standards and the digital age :

[Book]

history, ideology, and networks /

Andrew L. Russell, Stevens Institute of Technology.

New York, NY :

Cambridge University Press,

[2014]

xvii, 306 pages ;

24 cm.

Cambridge studies in the emergence of global enterprise

Includes bibliographical references (pages 281-291) and index.

Introduction -- Ideological origins of open standards I: telegraph and engineering standards, 1860s-1900s -- Ideological origins of open standards II: American standards, 1910s-1930s -- Standardization and the monopoly Bell system, 1880s-1930s -- Critiques of centralized control, 1930s-1970s -- International standards for the convergence of computers and communications, 1960s-1970s -- Open systems and the limits of democratic design, 1970s-1980s -- The internet and the advantages of autocratic design, 1970s-1990s -- Conclusion: Open standards and an open world.

0

"How did the idea of openness become the defining principle for the twenty-first-century Information Age? This book answers this question by looking at the history of information networks and paying close attention to the politics of standardization. For much of the twentieth century, information networks such as the monopoly Bell System and the American military's Arpanet were closed systems subject to centralized control. In the 1970s and 1980s, however, engineers in the United States and Europe experimented with design strategies and coordination mechanisms to create new digital networks. In the process, they embraced discourses of "openness" to describe their ideological commitments to entrepreneurship, technological innovation, and participatory democracy. The rhetoric of openness has flourished - for example, in movements for open government, open-source software, and open-access publishing - but such rhetoric also obscures the ways the Internet and other "open" systems still depend heavily on hierarchical forms of control"--

Information technology-- Standards-- United States-- History.

Standardization-- United States-- History.

Telecommunication-- Standards-- United States-- History.

HISTORY-- United States-- 20th Century.

Information technology-- Standards.

Informationstechnik.

Informationsteknik-- historia.

Standardisering-- historia.

Standardisierung.

Standardization.

Telecommunication-- Standards.

Telekommunikation.

Förenta staterna.

United States.

USA.

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Russell, Andrew L.,1975-

20200822145645.0

rda

[Book]

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