the political ecological dimensions of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Ulster University
2017
Thesis (Ph.D.)
2017
The ethno-nationalist conflict in Israel/Palestine has been the subject of significant academic interrogation. However, the political ecological dimensions of that conflict, despite their importance, have gone largely unnoticed. The natural environment, for example, is central to national identity constructs that have long been a source of contestation and friction in the region. The scarcity of vital natural resources (both land and water) needed to sustain nation-building efforts continue to occasion conflict. Access to and control of such resources is divisive and the environment has become a weapon through which to contest the 'other'. Whilst there is a deep-rooted attachment and importance given to the environment, it has also been a victim to the conflict itself often being seconded to the 'high political' aspects prioritised at the governmental level At the opposite end of the spectrum, there are also numerous efforts which attempt to use the environment to promote cooperation/peacebuilding between actors in the conflict. This thesis attempts to unpack the often-overlooked political ecological dimensions of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. To do so, it focuses on a number of specific, localized and illustrating case studies in a series of three papers. The first analyses the impact of the Israeli West Bank separation barrier on Palestinian agricultural systems and processes. The second paper, analyses local attempts at Israeli-Palestinian 'environmental cooperation' and asserts the need for delving deeper into 'cooperative' interactions in order to determine their true nature and effectiveness. The third paper takes the same greater Bethlehem case studies and explores their possible peacebuilding contributions, before suggesting ways to improve their potential in that regard.