Revisiting the Qizilbash-Alevi tradition in light of seventeenth-century Mecmua manuscripts
[Thesis]
Hatice Yildiz
Jiwa, Munir
Graduate Theological Union
2017
180
Place of publication: United States, Ann Arbor; ISBN=978-0-355-19921-5
Ph.D.
Graduate Theological Union
2017
In the late 15th century, some Sufi-linked groups in Anatolia supported the Safavid cause against the Ottomans. These groups were labeled as Qizilbash (literally, 'red head'), derived from their distinctive twelve-gored crimson headwear, and persecuted as political rebels and religious heretics by the Ottomans. In parallel with the gradual decline of the Safavid influence among Anatolian supporters, they transformed into an isolated socioreligious community in the l7th century. Qizilbash religiosity has often been described with either pejorative terms of Islamic theology such as glutlat (extremist Shi`i) and batini (esoteric), or of Western scholarship such as heterodoxy, syncretism, and folk/popular religion. The available scholarship studied the early phase of the Qizilbash tradition from the official perspectives of the Ottomans and Safavids. However, due to the lack of sufficient official records about the later development of the Anatolian Qizilbash tradition, transformation of the Qizilbash community to today's Alevis remains largely controversial.