عنوان

Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria.

9401113408

9789401113403

b594837

Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria.

[Book]

Gasson, Michael J.

Springer Verlag

2013

1 Gene transfer systems and transposition.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Conjugation.- 1.2.1 Heterologous conjugation systems.- 1.2.2 Homologous conjugation systems.- 1.3 Transduction.- 1.3.1 Transduction in Lactococcus spp..- 1.3.2 Transduction in Streptococcus thermophilus.- 1.3.3 Transduction in Lactobacillus spp..- 1.4 Transformation.- 1.4.1 Transformation systems.- 1.4.2 Protoplast transformation.- 1.4.3 Electrotransformation.- 1.4.4 Transfection.- 1.5 Protoplast fusion.- 1.6 Transposition.- 1.6.1 Insertion sequences.- 1.6.2 Heterologous transposons.- 1.6.3 Nisin transposons.- 1.7 Generalized recombination.- 1.7.1 Integration processes.- 1.7.2 Recombination genes.- 1.8 Chromosome mapping.- 1.9 Concluding remarks.- References.- 2 Gene cloning and expression systems in Lactococci.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Replicative gene cloning.- 2.2.1 Streptoccal plasmid vectors.- 2.2.2 Lactococcal plasmid vectors.- 2.2.3 Plasmid replication and stability.- 2.3 Integrative gene cloning.- 2.3.1 Integration vectors.- 2.3.2 Chromosomal gene amplification and stability.- 2.3.3 Integrative gene expression.- 2.4 Gene expression signals.- 2.4.1 Vectors for the selection of expression signals.- 2.4.2 Transcription initiation and termination.- 2.4.3 Translation initiation and codon usage.- 2.5 Control of gene expression.- 2.5.1 Lactose utilization and its control.- 2.5.2 Heat shock response.- 2.5.3 Negative regulation of transcription.- 2.5.4 Positive regulation of transcription.- 2.6 Protein secretion.- 2.6.1 Export-signal selection vectors.- 2.6.2 Sec-dependent secretion.- 2.6.3 Sec-independent secretion.- 2.7 Expression and secretion systems.- 2.7.1 Expression vectors.- 2.7.2 Secretion vectors.- 2.8 Food grade systems.- References.- 3 Bacteriophages and bacteriophage resistance.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Types and species of bacteriophages.- 3.2.1 Interactions with hosts.- 3.2.2 Temperate phages.- 3.2.3 Classification of phages of lactic acid bacteria.- 3.2.4 Characterization of bacteriophage genomes.- 3.3 Gene directed bacteriophage resistance in lactic acid bacteria.- 3.3.1 Interference with bacteriophage adsorption.- 3.3.2 Restriction and modification.- 3.3.3 Abortive infection.- 3.4 Novel phage defense mechanisms.- 3.5 Genetic strategies to construct phage-insensitive strains.- 3.6 Conclusions and perspectives.- References.- 4 The proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Proteinases.- 4.2.1 Biochemical characterization.- 4.2.2 Caseinolytic specificity and classification of proteinases.- 4.2.3 Cloning and expression of proteinase genes.- 4.2.4 Organization of prtM and prtP genes.- 4.2.5 Structural characteristics of PrtP.- 4.2.6 Proteinase maturation by PrtM.- 4.3 Endopeptidases.- 4.3.1 Endopeptidase NisP.- 4.3.2 Intracellular endopeptidases.- 4.3.3 Endopeptidase PepO.- 4.4 General aminopeptidases.- 4.4.1 Aminopeptidase A (PepA).- 4.4.2 Pyrrolidonyl carboxylyl peptidase (PCP).- 4.4.3 Aminopeptidase N (PepN).- 4.4.4 Aminopeptidase C (PepC).- 4.5 Proline-specific peptidases.- 4.5.1 Prolidases.- 4.5.2 Proline iminopeptidase.- 4.5.3 X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (PepXP).- 4.6 Oligo-and carboxypeptidases.- 4.6.1Dipeptidases.- 4.7 Transport of amino acid and peptides.- 4.7.1 Specific amino acid carriers.- 4.7.2 Di- and tripeptide transport system (DptT).- 4.7.3 Oligopeptide transport system (Opp).- 4.8 Cellular localization of proteolytic enzymes.- 4.9 Engineering of the proteolytic system.- 4.9.1 Construction and use of mutants.- 4.9.2 Engineering of the proteinase PrtP.- 4.9.3 Future perspectives.- References.- 5 Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Small heat-stable bacteriocins.- 5.2.1 Genetic analysis.- 5.2.2 Common structural features.- 5.2.3 Bacteriocin translocation.- 5.2.4 Mode of action.- 5.3 Large heat-labile bacteriocins.- 5.3.1 Helvetican J.- 5.4 Lantibiotics in lactic acid bacteria.- 5.4.1 Lactocin S.- 5.4.2 Lacticin 481.- 5.4.3 Nisin structure and biosynthesis.- 5.4.4 Genetic analysis of nisin biosynthetic genes.- 5.4.5 Expression of nisin determinants.- 5.4.6 Nisin immunity resistance.- 5.4.7 Mode of action.- 5.4.8 Protein engineered nisins.- 5.4.9 Applications.- 5.5 Concluding remarks.- References.- 6 Genetic engineering of lactobacilli, leuconostocs and Streptococcus thermophilus.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Overview of taxonomy and health benefits.- 6.3 Biochemical traits.- 6.3.1 The Lac-PTS.- 6.3.2 The lac operon.- 6.3.3 Xylose metabolism.- 6.3.4 Protein metabolism.- 6.4 Plasmid biology and cloning vectors.- 6.4.1 Naturally occuring plasmids.- 6.4.2 Insertion sequences.- 6.4.3 Cloning vectors.- 6.5 Genetic transfer methods.- 6.5.1 Transformation by electroporation..- 6.5.2 Liposome-mediated protoplast transfection, fusion and transformation.- 6.5.3 Conjugation.- 6.5.4 Transduction.- 6.6 Gene expression in lactobacilli.- 6.6.1 Transcription.- 6.6.2 Translation.- 6.6.3 Regulation of transcription.- 6.6.4 Heterologous gene expression.- 6.7 Gene expression in S. thermophilus and leuconostocs.- 6.8 Chromosomal integration of genes.- 6.9 Phage and phage resistance.- 6.10 Concluding remarks.- Dedication and acknowledgements.- References.

Gasson, Michael J.

De Vos, W.

Gasson, Michael J.

[Book]

Y