I. The Desert as a Habitat --; Distribution --; Soils --; Climate --; Vegetation --; References --; II. The Ecology of Rodents in the northern Sudan --; Desert Species --; Jebel Species --; Riverine Species --; Commensal Species --; Reproduction --; Other Adaptations for Life in the Desert --; Discussion --; Acknowledgements --; References --; III. The Rodents of the Iranian Deserts --; The Rodents: northern and southern Types --; Annual Rhythm --; Population Densities --; Some Peculiarities --; References --; IV. Comparative Ecological Notes on Afghan Rodents --; Results --; Discussion --; Summary --; References --; V. The Population Ecology of the Rodents of the Rajasthan Desert, India --; Population Structure --; Ranges of Movements --; Food --; Predator-Prey Relationship --; Breeding Season and Litter Size --; References --; VI. Outbreaks of Rodents in Semi-Arid and Arid Australia: Causes, Preventions, and Evolutionary Considerations --; Climates in Central Australia --; The Study-Area: Habitats and Rodents --; Populations --; Conclusions and Discussion --; Acknowledgements --; References --; VII Observations of Argentine Desert Rodent Ecology, with Emphasis on Water Relations of Eligmodontia typus --; The Argentine Monte and some of its Rodents --; Methods and Materials --; Results and Discussion --; Acknowledgements --; References --; VIII. La diversité des Gerbillidés --; IX. Some Observations on Ecological Adaptations of Desert Rodents and Suggestions for further Research work --; The Desert Environment --; Ecological Adaptations --; Need for further Research --; References --; X. The Behavior Patterns of Desert Rodents --; The Evolution of Desert Adaptations --; A Comparison of Behavior Patterns --; A Comparison of Behavior Patterns in : Meriones, Gerbillus and Perognathus --; Spacing and Communication --; Acknowledgements --; References --; XI Activity Patterns of a Desert Rodent --; Methods --; The Microdosimeter and the Index of Activity --; Variation in Activity --; Climatological Variables and Animal Activity --; Analysis --; Discussion --; Summary --; References --; XII. Patterns of Food, Space and Diversity --; Resource Allocation by Seed Selection --; Habitat Selection in Space --; The Pattern of Local Species Diversity --; Acknowledgements --; References --; XIII. Desert Coloration in Rodents --; Desert Coloration --; Acknowledgements --; References --; XIV. The Biology of some Desert-Dwelling Ground Squirrels --; Reproduction --; Food Habits --; Population Characteristics --; Habitat Factors --; References --; XV. Reproductive Biology of North American Desert Rodents --; Reproductive Biology: Species Summaries --; References --; XVI. Rodent Faunas and Environmental Changes in the Pleistocene of Israel --; The Main Biogeographical Changes in the Near-East since the Miocene --; The Composition of the Rodents Faunas in the Pleistocene of Israel --; The Main Ecological Changes in the Quarternary of Israel --; Analysis of the Main Habitats Occupied by the Pleistocene Rodents of Israel --; Note on the Origin of the Israeli Desert Rodents --; References --; XVII. Prehistoric Rodents of the Middle East --; Prehistoric Rodents --; Discussion --; Acknowledgements --; References --; Addenda --; XVIII. Desert Rodents : Physiological Problems of Desert Life --; Problems of Temperature Regulation --; Water Balance, Intake and Loss --; References --; XIX. Ecophysiology of Water and Energy in Desert Marsupials and Rodents --; Methods --; Ecophysiology of Water and Energy --; Discussion --; References --; XX. Thermo-Regulation and Water Economy in Indian Desert Rodents --; Methods --; Thermo-Regulation --; Water Economy --; Conclusion --; References --; XXI. The Physiological Adaptations of Desert Rodents --; Water Conservation in Desert Rodents --; Structure and Concentrating Mechanisms in the Desert Rodent Kidney --; Tolerance to Heat and Thermo-Regulation of Desert Rodents --; Reproduction in Desert Rodents --; References --; XXII. Nematode Parasites of the Indian Desert Rodents --; Material and Methods --; Nematode Parasites of the Indian Desert Rodents --; Discussion --; References --; XXIII. Ecology of the Desert Rodents of the U.S.S.R. (Jerboas and Gerbils) --; Jerboas --; Gerbils --; References --; Author Index --; Genus and Species Index.