Volume --; 1 Land pollution --; 1.1 Introduction --; 1.2 Common contaminant types and environmental behavior --; 1.3 Sampling and analytical procedures --; 1.4 Monitoring equipment and instrumentation --; 1.5 Summary --; References --; 2 Water pollution --; 2.1 Introduction --; 2.2 Sampling --; 2.3 Continuous monitoring --; 2.4 Physical variables --; 2.5 Chemical variables --; 2.6 Biological variables --; 2.7 Conclusions --; Acknowledgements --; References --; 3 Air pollution --; 3.1 Introduction --; 3.2 Characterisation of atmospheric pollutants --; 3.3 Air pollution sampling --; 3.4 Monitoring modes --; 3.5 Conclusions --; References --; 4 Periodic methods for monitoring air pollution --; 4.1 Introduction --; 4.2 Sampling: the problems to overcome --; 4.3 Losses to the sample line --; 4.4 Classification of pollutants --; 4.5 Classification of air samplers --; 4.6 Detection limit --; 4.7 Gas velocity and total flow in a duct --; 4.8 Measurement of particulate in ducts --; 4.9 Sampling devices for non-reactive gases and vapours --; 4.10 Wet impingers and sintered glass absorbers --; 4.11 Cryogenic methods --; 4.12 Odour measurement --; 4.13 Instrumental methods for use in the field --; 4.14 Standard atmospheres --; 4.15 Selected methods --; 4.16 Conclusion --; Acknowledgements --; Appendix 1: References to the Environmental Protection Agency of the USA --; Appendix 2: References to the NIOSH methods --; Appendix 3: References to the Health and Safety Executive methods for the determination of hazardous substances (HSE MDHS) --; Appendix 4: References to the ASTM standard methods --; References --; 5 Industrial methods of spectrophotometry measurements in process control --; 5.1 Introduction to process analytical chemistry --; 5.2 Project route --; 5.3 Industrial uses of spectroscopy --; 5.4 Industrial measurements in the UV-visible region --; 5.5 Industrial measurements in the IR region --; 5.6 Quantitative measurement in spectroscopy --; 5.7 Future trends --; References --; 6 Noise and vibration --; 6.1 Introduction --; 6.2 Noise sources --; 6.3 Legislation --; 6.4 Measurement --; 6.5 Noise reduction and control --; 6.6 Future trends --; 6.7 Glossary --; References --; 7 Ionising radiation --; 7.1 Introduction to radiation --; 7.2 Properties of ionising radiation --; 7.3 Sources of ionising radiation --; 7.4 In situ measurements --; 7.5 Sampling --; 7.6 Analytical procedures --; 7.7 Case study --; 7.8 Conclusions --; References.