عنوان

Nitrate contamination :

3642760406

9783642760402

b573462

Nitrate contamination :

[Book]

exposure, consequence, and control

edited by Istvan Bog?rdi, Robert D. Kuzelka, Wilma G. Ennenga.

New York

Springer-Verlag

1991

(xii, 520 pages)

NATO ASI series., Series G,, Ecological sciences ;, 30.

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nitrate Contamination: Exposure, Consequences, and Control held at Lincoln, Nebraska, USA from September 9-14-1990--Title page verso."Published in cooperation witn NATO Scientific Affairs Division."

I. Overview of Problem.- Nitrates and their Control in the EEC Aquatic Environment.- Nitrate Contamination in the Contiguous United States.- The Nitrate Content of Drinking Water in Portugal.- Nitrate Contamination of Surface and Ground Water in Greece.- II. Exposure Assessment.- Risk Analysis for Water Supply from a River Polluted by Nitrate Runoff.- Nitrogen Modeling on a Regional Scale.- Nitrate Ground-water Modeling for Agricultural and Other Nonpoint Sources.- Principles of Monitoring and Analysis.- Nitrate Balances in Aquifers.- Fertilizer and Water Application, and Control of Nitrate Pollution: Management Issues.- Integrated Water and Nitrogen Management.- Biochemistry of a Plume of Nitrate-contaminated Ground Water.- Nitrate Contamination of Ground Water in Southern Ontario and the Evidence for Denitrification.- Nutrient Transport in Two Major Catchments of Turkey.- Potential Nitrate Pollution of Ground Water in Limestone Terrain by Poultry Litter, Ozark Region, U.S.A..- Nitrogen Management Research in the President's Water Quality Initiative.- Panel Discussion: Nitrate Exposure in Agriculture.- III. Health Consequences.- Evidence that N-Nitroso Compounds Contribute to the Causation of Certain Human Cancers.- The Significance for Human Health of Nitrate, Nitrite and N-Nitroso Compounds.- Epidemiological Studies of the Endogenous Formation of N-Nitroso Compounds.- Nitrate Exposure and Human Cancer.- Development of a Reliable Measure for Determining Nitrate Exposure for Use in Epidemiological Studies.- Quantifying Gastric Nitrate and Nitrate Reductase Activity in the Normal and Achlorhydric Stomach.- Potential Health Consequences of Ground-water Contamination by Nitrates in Nebraska.- Some Factors Affecting N-Nitroso Compound Formation from Ingested Nitrate in the Stomach: Achlorhydria, Bacterial N-Nitrosation and its Modulation.- Panel Discussion: Health Consequences.- IV. Contamination Control.- Control of Ground-water Nitrate Pollution in Britain by Land-use Change.- Nitrate Treatment Methods: An Overview.- Experience with Nitrate-Removal Methods from Drinking Water.- A Newly Developed Process for Nitrate Removal from Drinking Water.- Nitrate Pollution in Ground Water.- Mitigating Nonpoint-Source Nitrate Pollution by Riparian-Zone Denitrification.- Elimination of Ground-water Contamination by Septic-Tank Effluent.- Control of Nitrogen Sources and Principles of Treatment.- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Programs Related to the Agricultural Use of Nitrates.- Panel Discussion: Nitrate Treatment and Control.- V. Integration: The Systems Approach.- A Mathematical Systems Model of Nitrate Contamination.- Impact of Risk-related Concerns on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Programs.- Nitrate Risk Management.- Panel Discussion: Integration, the Systems Approach.

The nitrate content of drinking water is rising at an alarm- ing rate in several parts of the world. The increase is due to the lack of proper sewagetreatment and primarily to ex- cess fertilizer application. Also, eutrophication in several coastal areas is triggered by high nitrate con- centrations. The main purpose of this book is to integrate scientific knowledge related to exposure assessment, health consequences and control of nitrate contamination in water. The motivation is related to the magnitude, the possible ad- verse health effects, and the high cost of controlling ni- trate contamination. Future research tasks are defined by an interaction among hydrologists, toxicologists and envi- ronmental engineeres in an integrated framework for nitrate risk management.

Groundwater -- Pollution.

Nitrates -- Environmental aspects.

Nitrates -- Toxicology.

edited by Istvan Bog?rdi, Robert D. Kuzelka, Wilma G. Ennenga.

Istvan Bogárdi

Robert D Kuzelka

Wilma G Ennenga

[Book]

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