عنوان

Natural Products of Woody Plants :

3642740758

3642740774

9783642740756

9783642740770

b573244

Natural Products of Woody Plants :

[Book]

Chemicals Extraneous to the Lignocellulosic Cell Wall

edited by John W. Rowe.

Berlin, Heidelberg

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

1989

(LXII, 1243 pages 244 illustrations)

Springer series in wood science.

1 Introduction and Historical Background --; 1.1 Historical Uses of Extractives and Exudates --; 1.2 Natural Products Chemistry --; Past and Future --; 2 Fractionation and Proof of Structure of Natural Products --; 2.1 Introduction --; 2.2 Novel Techniques and Recent Developments in Fractionation and Isolation --; 2.3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy --; 2.4 Other Spectroscopic Techniques --; 2.5 General Conclusions --; References --; 3 Evolution of Natural Products --; 3.1 Convergent Synthesis and the Origin of RNA-Based Life --; 3.2 Expansion of the Acetate, Mevalonate, and?-Aminolevulinate Pathways in Bacteria and Algae --; 3.3 Expansion of the Shikimate Pathway in Terrestrial Plants --; 3.4 Phytochemistry and Plant Defense --; 3.5 Oxidation Levels of Angiospermous Micromolecules --; 3.6 Skeletal Specialization of Angiospermous Micromolecules --; 3.7 Quantification of Micromolecular Parameters --; 3.8 Phytochemical Gradients in Angiosperms --; 3.9 Future Perspectives --; References --; 4 Carbohydrates --; 4.1 Introduction --; 4.2 Sucrose --; 4.3 Higher Oligosaccharides Related to Sucrose --; 4.4 Other Oligosaccharides --; 4.5 Monosaccharides --; 4.6 Alditols --; 4.7 Cyclitols --; 4.9 Starch --; 4.10 Extractable Polysaccharides --; References --; 5 Nitrogenous Extractives --; 5.1 Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes, and Nuccleic Acids --; 5.2 The Alkaloids --; 6 Aliphatic and Alicyclic Extractives --; 6.1 Simple Organic Acids --; 6.2 Complex Aliphatic and Alicyclic Extractives --; 6.3 Fats and Fatty Acids --; 6.4 Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Function of Suberin and Associated Waxes --; 7 Benzenoid Extractives --; 7.1 Monoaryl Natural Products --; 7.2 Gallic Acid Derivatives and Hydrolyzable Tannins --; 7.3 Lignans --; 7.4 Stilbenes, Conioids, and Other Polyaryl Natural Products --; 7.5 Flavonoids --; 7.6 Biflavonoids and Proanthocyanidins --; 7.7 Condensed Tannins --; 8 Isoprenoids --; 8.1 Terpenoids --; 8.2 Steroids --; 9 The Influence of Extractives on Wood Properties and Utilization --; 9.1 Contribution of Extractives to Wood Characteristics --; 9.2 Role of Wood Exudates and Extractives in Protecting Wood from Decay --; 9.3 Effect of Extractives on Pulping --; 9.4 Effect of Extractives on the Utilization of Wood --; 9.5 Health Hazards Associated with Extractives --; 10 The Utilization of Wood Extractives --; 10.1 Naval Stores --; 10.2 Gums --; 10.3 Significance of the Condensed Tannins --; 10.4 Rubber, Gutta, and Chicle --; 10.5 Other Extractives and Chemical Intermediates --; 10.6 Pharmacologically Active Metabolites --; 11 The Future of Wood Extractives --; 11.1 Introduction --; 11.2 Requirements for Future Wood Extractives Ventures --; 11.3 Prospects for Existing Extractives-Based Industries --; 11.4 Failed Wood Extractives Ventures --; 11.5 Future Directions for Industrially Oriented Extractives Research --; 11.6 Areas of Needed Basic Research --; 11.7 Conclusions --; References --; Index of Plant Genera and Species --; Organic Compounds Index.

The present book gives an extensive overview of all relevant natural products extractable from woody plants. The chemical properties of these products, their biosynthesis within the cell and the evolution of the respective primary and secondary pathways in woody plants are described. Various carbohydrates, sugars or oligosaccharides, nitrogeneous extractives, such as proteins or alkaloids as well as terpenoids, waxes, lignans, steroids are treated in detail. The role of these exudates and extractives in protecting wood, their effects on the utilization of wood and especially the frequent utilization of extractives by man are discussed.

Agriculture.

Chemistry, Organic.

Life sciences.

edited by John W. Rowe.

John W Rowe

[Book]

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