عنوان

Reproductive Processes and Contraception.

1468438247

9781468438246

b554955

Reproductive Processes and Contraception.

[Book]

McKerns, Kenneth W.

Springer Verlag

2012

Discussion.- Discussion.- References.- VII hCG Peptides and Antisera as Antifertility Agents.- 24 Specific Antisera to Human Choriogonadotropin.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Measurement of hCG by Immunoassay with Anti-?-Subunit Antisera.- 3. Measurement of hCG Using Anti-? COOH-Terminal Antisera.- 4. Areas That Require Additional Study.- 5. Conclusion.- Discussion.- References.- 25 Development of Specific Antisera for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Characteristics of hCG and Its Subunits.- 3. Development of Specific Antisera for hCG.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 26 Isolation and Characterization of an "hCG"-like Protein from Bacteria.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- Discussion.- References.- VIII Luteinization, Oocyte Maturation, and Early Pregnancy.- 27 Comparative Approach to Mechanisms in the Maintenance of Early Pregnancy.- 1. Endocrine Changes during the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy.- 2. The Uterus, Corpus Luteum Maintenance, and Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy Signals in Domestic Animals.- 3. Conceptus-Endometrial Steroid Metabolism.- Discussion.- References.- 28 Porcine and Human Ovarian Nonsteroidal Follicular Regulators: Oocyte-Maturation Inhibitor, Luteinization Inhibitor, Luteinizing-Hormone-Receptor-Binding Inhibitor, Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone-Binding Inhibitor, and Inhibin F.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results and Discussion.- 4. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- IX Steroids and Cell Growth.- 29 Estrogen-Induced Growth of Uterine Cells: Evidence for Involvement of Surface Membranes, Calcium, and Proteinase Activity.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Background.- 3. New Evidence on Interactions of Estrogen with Target-Cell Membranes.- 4. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- X Prostaglandins and Cell Function.- 30 Prostaglandin-Induced Luteolysis in the Superluteinized Rat Ovary.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Animal Model.- 3. Luteinizing-Hormone Receptors in the Superluteinized Rat Ovary and Luteolysis.- 4. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Prolactin in Vivo in Prostaglandin-Induced Luteolysis.- 5. Corpus Luteum Function in Vitro Following Prostaglandin Treatment in Vivo.- 6. 20?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity of the Ovary Following Prostaglandin.- 7. Concluding Remarks and Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 31 Role of Prostaglandins in Leydig-Cell Stimulation by hCG and Leydig-Cell Function.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Role of Prostaglandins during LH-hCG Stimulation of Leydig Cells in the Adult Rat.- 3. Role of Prostaglandins in Immature Porcine Leydig Cells in Primary Culture.- 4. Discussion.- Discussion.- References.

I Interactions in Gonadotropin Regulation.- 1 Control of Gonadotropin and Prolactin Secretion in Rhesus Monkeys and Rodents.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Demonstration of the Presence of "Inhibin" within Proestrous Hamster Ovaries.- 3. Does Inhibin Play a Role in the Ovulatory Cycle of the Human?.- 4. Determination of Estradiol's Site of Negative Feedback Action in the Rhesus Monkey.- 5. How Does the Hypothalamus Regulate the Secretion of Prolactin and What Is the Role of Estradiol in This Phenomenon in the Female Rhesus Monkey?.- 6. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 2 Regulation of LH-RH Secretion by Gonadal Steroids and Catecholamines.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Effects of Gonadal Steroids on LH-RH Secretion in Male Rats.- 3. Effects of Gonadal Steroids on LH-RH Secretion in Female Rats.- 4. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 3 Sensitivity of Pituitary Gonadotropic Cells and Gonads to Hormones.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Aim of the Investigation.- 3. Neonatal Rat as a Model for Studying the Endocrine-Cell Reaction to Gonadal Steroids.- 4. Sensitivity of GTH Cells to GRH and Gonadal Steroids.- 5. Sensitivity of Ovarian Tissue.- 6. Sensitivity of Testicular Tissue.- 7. Concluding Remarks.- Discussion.- References.- II GnRH Analogues as Contraceptive Agents.- 4 Induction of Menstruation Following Subcutaneous Injection of LH-RH and Intranasal Administration of [d-Ser(TBU)6 des-Gly-NH210]LH-RH Ethylamide after Ovulation in Normal Women.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Subjects, Treatments, and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- 5. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 5 Antifertility Effects of LH-RH and Its Agonists.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Antireproductive Properties of the LH-Releasing Peptides in the Female.- 3. Antireproductive Properties of the LH-Releasing Peptides in the Male.- 4. Noncontraceptive Utility of Antireproductive Activity: Antitumor Effects.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 6 Fertility and Antifertility Effects of LH-RH and Its Agonists.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Induction of Ovulation by LH-RH and Agonists.- 3. Induction of Mating Behavior, Ovulation, and Pregnancy by LH-RH and Agonists.- 4. Antifertility Effects of LI-I-RH and Agonists.- 5. Concluding Remarks.- Discussion.- References.- III Receptors in Cellular Localization of Hormones.- 7 Stable and Specific Tracers.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Some Pitfalls in the Use of Available Tags.- 3. Methods for Palliating Specificity Disadvantages.- 4. Improvements upon Available Radioligands.- 5. Current Applications of Synthetic Radioligands.- References.- 8 Specific Inhibitors of Androgen Binding to the Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP).- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- Discussion.- References.- 9 Profiles of Target-Cell Prolactin and Adrenocorticotropin during Lactational Diestrus.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Prolactin in the Normal Rat Mammary Gland.- 3. Experimental Modulation of Milk-Secretory-Cell Prolactin.- 4. Adrenal-CorticalCell Prolactin and Adrenocorticotropin.- 5. Follicular Prolactin.- 6. Conclusion.- Discussion.- References.- 10 Gonadotropin-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat Ovary: Ultrastructural Localization in the Granulosa, Theca, and Lutein Cells.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- References.- IV Uterine and Mammary Receptors.- 11 Hormonal Modulation of Progesterone Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Experimental Methods and Results.- 3. In Vivo Experiment.- 4. Does Progesterone Affect the Properties of the Progesterone Receptor?.- 5. Nuclear Receptors.- 6. Metabolism of Progesterone in the Uterus.- 7. Discussion.- Discussion.- References.- 12 Hormonal Control of Steroid Receptors in Human Endometrium during the Menstrual Cycle.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methodological Problems.- 3. Estradiol and Progesterone Receptors in the Normal Menstrual Cycle.- 4. General Conclusions.- References.- 13 Parturition, Lactation, and the Regulation of Oxytocin Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Oxytocin Receptors.- 3. Changes in the Concentration of Oxytocin Receptors in the Myometrium in the Estrous Cycle.- 4. OxytocinReceptor Regulation in the Rat Mammary Gland.- 5. Changes in the Concentration of Myometrial Oxytocin Receptors Preceding Parturition.- 6. Possible Factors That Increase the Concentration of Myometrial Oxytocin Receptors.- 7. Mechanisms of Parturition.- References.- V Germ-Cell Regulation and Secretory Proteins.- 14 Control of Spermatogonial Multiplication.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Material and Methods.- 3. Definitions of Parameters.- 4. Factors That Affect Variation: Results and Discussion.- 5. Stem-Cell Renewal: A Critical Point of View.- 6. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 15 Secretory Proteins in the Male Reproductive System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Testicular Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP).- 3. Acidic Epididymal Glycoprotein (AEG).- 4. Prostatein.- 5. Summary and Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 16 Monitoring the Metabolic Rate of Germ Cells and Sperm.- 1. Overview of the Metabolic Needs of Germ Cells, Sperm, and Ova: Changes during Differentiation and Specialization.- 2. Selection of an Animal Model.- 3. General Aspects of Metabolism.- 4. Methods for Analysis of Metabolic Rate.- 5. Application of These Methods to the Evaluation of Sperm Metabolism.- 6. Need for Multiple Methods to Estimate Metabolic Rate.- 7. Conclusions and Projections.- Discussion.- References.- 17 Study of a Glycoprotein Produced by the Rat Epididymis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Purification of the Sialoprotein.- 3. Radioimmunoassay and Concentration of the Sialoprotein in the Epididymis.- 4. Localization of the Sialoprotein in the Epididymis and on Spermatozoa.- 5. Discussion.- References.- VI Control Mechanisms and Metabolic Regulation.- 18 The Use of Isopropyl-N-phenylcarbamate as a Potential Contraceptive: Control of Meiotic Maturation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- Discussion.- References.- 19 Interaction between Prolactin and Gonadotropin Secretion.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Apparent Reciprocity between Prolactin and Gonadotropin Secretion.- 3. Prolactin and the Negative-Feedback Regulatory Mechanism of Gonadotropins by the Sex Hormones.- 4. Prolactin and the Positive Feedback of Estrogens on Gonadotropin Secretion.- 5. Prolactin and the Pituitary Responsiveness to LH-RH Administration.- 6. Role of Hypothalamic Neurotransmitters in Prolactin and Gonadotropin Secretion.- 7. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 20 Interactions among LH, FSH, PRL, LH-RH, and Sex Steroids in the Control of Testicular LH, FSH, and PRL Receptors in the Rat.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Receptor Assays.- 3. Plasma PRL and Androgen Assays and Calculations.- 4. Hormones.- 5. Down-Regulation of Testicular Gonadotropin Receptors by LH-RH and Its Agonists.- 6. Regulation of Testicular Gonadotropin-Receptor Levels in Hypophysectomized Animals.- 7. Possible Direct Testicular Effects of LH-RH Agonists.- 8. Summary and Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 21 Inhibition of Testicular Androgen Biosynthesis by Treatment with LH-RH Agonists.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Steroidogenesis in Adult Rat Testis.- 3. Down-Regulation of Testicular Androgen Biosynthesis and LH Receptors by an LH-RH Agonist.- 4. Comparative Effects of an LH-RH Agonist and hCG on Testicular Steroidogenesis.- 5. Recovery of Testicular Androgen Formation after 1 Month of Treatment with an LI-I-RH Agonist.- 6. Inhibitory Effects of a Single Intranasal Administration of [d-Ser(TBU)6,des-Gly-NH210]LH-RH Ethylamide on Serum Steroid Levels in Normal Adult Men.- 7. Blockage of the Testicular Steroidogenic Pathway and Role of Prolactin.- References.- 22 Gonadotropic Stimulation of Enzymes Involved in Testicular Growth.- 23 Uterine Diamine Oxidase: A Marker for Progestin Action.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4.

McKerns, Kenneth W.

McKerns, Kenneth W.

[Book]

Y