عنوان

Essential oncology of the lymphocyte.

1447114671

9781447114673

b552259

Essential oncology of the lymphocyte.

[Book]

Ian J Forbes

[Place of publication not identified]

Springer

2013

1 Cancer Biology.- Development of Cancers from Single Cells.- Diversity of Tumour Cells.- Differentiation of Malignant Cells.- 2 Derangement of the Genome as a Cause of Cancer.- The Chromosomes.- Chromosomal Abnormalities in Cancer.- Susceptibility to Chromosome Damage and Cancer.- Constitutional Cytogenetic Abnormalities.- Fragile Sites.- 3 Derangements of the Mechanisms Controlling Growth.- Cell Cycle.- Signal Transduction.- Immortalisation and Transformation.- Mechanisms Leading to Autonomous Growth.- Differentiation Arrest.- 4 Multiple Steps in the Genesis of a Cancer.- Initiation.- Promotion.- Tumour-promoting Phorbol Esters.- Progression.- Conclusions.- 5 Multifactorial Aetiology of Cancers.- Population and Familial Factors.- Carcinogens.- Radiation.- Viruses.- Viruses in the Causation of Animal Cancers.- Viruses in the Causation of Human Cancers.- Immunodepression and Immunosuppression.- Prolonged Antigenic Stimulation.- 6 Oncogenes.- Translation Products of Oncogenes.- Oncogene Products with Protein Kinase Activity.- GTP-binding Oncogene Products.- Oncogenes Whose Products Bind to DNA.- Oncogene Product with Growth Factor Activity.- Oncogenes Encoding Receptors for Growth Factors.- Oncogenes Whose Products have Undefined Function.- Some Important Non-human Oncogenes.- Aberrations of Oncogenes in Cancer.- Proteins Homologous to Oncogene Products.- Transgenic Mice.- Oncogenes in Human Tumours.- Multiple Oncogene Expression.- Conclusions.- 7 Growth Factors.- Mechanisms of Action of Growth Factors.- Growth Factors in Malignant Transformation.- Growth Factors for Haematopoietic Cells.- Transforming Growth Factor ?.- Transforming Growth Factor ?.- Epidermal Growth Factor.- Platelet-derived Growth Factor.- Bombesin.- Insulin.- Insulin-like Growth Factor I.- Insulin-like Growth Factor II.- Nerve Growth Factor.- Chalones and Other Antiproliferative Factors.- Conclusions.- 8 The Lymphoid Tissues.- Origin of Lymphocytes.- T Lymphocytes.- B Lymphocytes.- NK, ADCC and Lymphokine-activated Killer Cells.- Accessory Cells.- Activation of Macrophages.- Lymphoid Organs and Immunological Function.- Lymphocyte Circulation.- Organisation of Immunological Function.- 9 The Major Histocompatibility Complex.- Tissue Distribution of MHC Products.- MHC Gene Products and Their Specificities.- Immunoregulatory Function of the MHC.- Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction.- Graft Versus Host Reaction.- Association of Diseases with MHC Phenotype.- Conclusions.- 10 T Cell Differentiation.- The Thymus.- T Lymphocytes in Bone Marrow.- T Cells in Lymph Nodes.- T Cell Subsets.- T Cell Subsets Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies.- T Cell Receptor.- Genetic Mechanisms in T Cell Differentiation.- T Cell Activation.- Signal Transduction in T Cell Activation.- 11 B Cell Differentiation.- Antigen-independent B Cell Differentiation.- B Lymphocyte Differentiation in Postnatal Life.- Antigen-dependent B Cell Differentiation.- B Cell Subsets.- Immunoglobulin.- Genetic Mechanisms in B Cell Differentiation.- Organisation of Immunoglobulin Genes.- Rearrangement of B Cell Genes During Ontogeny.- Human Heavy Chain Gene Organisation.- Light Chain Organisation.- Isotype Switch.- 12 B Cell Activation.- T Cells in B Cell Activation.- Accessory Cells in B Cell Activation.- B Cell Activation by Cross-linking Immunoglobulin.- Soluble Factors in B Cell Activation.- Type A Factors.- Type B Factors (BCGFs).- Type C Factors (BCDFs).- Transferrin.- Interferon.- Other Factors.- Cellular Events in B Lymphocyte Activation.- Conclusions.- 13 Immunoregulatory Mechanisms.- Systems Controlling Immunological Function.- Suppressor Mechanisms.- Idiotypes.- Idiotypes on T Cells.- Idiotypic Regulatory Network.- Immunological Tolerance.- Regulatory Mechanisms in B Cell Malignancies.- 14 Technology of Investigation and Diagnosis.- Hybridoma Technology and Monoclonal Antibodies.- Principles of Hybridoma Technology.- Gene Cloning.- Gene Probing.- Immunodiagnostic Methods.- Collection of Specimens.- Immunological Methods.- Rosette Formation.- Immunofluorescence on Cryostat Sections.- Immunohistochemical Methods.- Paraffin Sections.- Cryostat Sections.- Imprints and Cytocentrifuge Preparations.- Histochemical Stains.- Periodic-acid Schiff.- Non-specific Esterase.- Acid Phosphatase.- Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase.- Alkaline Phosphatase.- Other Enzyme Reactions.- Flow Cytometry.- Ultrastructural Analysis.- Conclusions.- 15 B Cell Neoplasia.- Immunological Abnormalities in Lymphoid Malignancies.- Chromosomal Abnormalities in B Cell Malignancies.- Oncogene Activation in B Cell Neoplasia.- Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangements.- 16 B Cell Leukaemias.- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia.- Phenotype of ALL Cells.- Prognosis in ALL.- B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia.- Lymphocyte Kinetics.- Morphology.- Phenotype.- Cellular Abnormalities in CLL.- Malignant Stem Cell.- B Cell Prolymphocytic Leukaemia.- Morphology and Phenotype.- Hairy Cell Leukaemia.- Morphology and Phenotype.- Bone Marrow in HCL.- Spleen and Liver in HCL.- Chronic Cold Agglutinin Disease.- Lymphoplasmacytoid Lymphoma.- Plasma Cell Dyscrasias.- Multiple Myeloma.- Malignant Stem Cell.- Plasma Cell Leukaemia.- Localised Plasmacytoma.- Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone.- Extramedullar Plasmacytoma.- Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance.- Heavy Chain Diseases.- Lymphosarcoma Cell Leukaemia.- 17 B Cell Lymphomas.- B Cell Lymphomas of the Deep Cortex.- Well-differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma.- Plasmacytoid Lymphocytic Lymphoma.- B Immunoblastic Sarcoma.- B Cell Lymphomas of the Superficial Cortex.- Follicular Centre Cell Lymphoma.- Small Follicular Centre Cell Proliferations.- Mixed Follicular Centre Cell Proliferations.- Large Follicular Centre Cell Proliferations.- Signet-ring Cell Lymphoma.- Phenotype of Follicular Centre Cell Lymphomas.- Intermediate and Mantle Zone Lymphomas.- B Cell Lymphomas of the Medulla: Plasmacytoma.- Undifferentiated B Cell Lymphomas.- Extranodal B Cell Lymphomas.- Hodgkin's Disease.- 18 T Cell Neoplasia.- Chromosomal Abnormalities in T Cell Malignancies.- Gene Rearrangements in T Cell Malignancies.- Immunoglobulin Genes in T Cell Malignancies.- 19 T Cell Leukaemias and Lymphomas.- T Cell Neoplasms of the Bone Marrow Compartment.- T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia.- T Prolymphocytic Leukaemia.- T Hairy Cell Leukaemia.- T Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia.- T? Lymphoproliferative Disease.- Adult T Cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma.- T Cell Neoplasms of the Thymic Compartment.- Lymphoblastic Lymphoma.- T Cell Neoplasms of the Peripheral Compartment.- Cutaneous T Cell Lymphomas.- Node-based T Cell Lymphoma.- Polymorphous Type.- Monomorphous Type.- Immunological Phenotypes.- Conclusions.- 20 Treatment, Treatment Failure and Future Possibilities.- Treatment Failure Exemplified by Lymphocytic Leukaemia.- Immunotherapy.- Monoclonal Antibodies.- Immunotoxins.- Antibodies Against Growth Factor Receptors.- Adoptive Immunity with Cytotoxic T Cells.- Activated Macrophages.- Cytokines and Other Biological Agents.- Interferon.- Tumour Necrosis Factor.- Thymic Cytokines.- New Drugs and Other Treatments.- Cyclosporin.- Purine and Pyrimidine Analogues.- Hyperthermia.- Vaccines Against HTLV.- Conclusions.

Ian J Forbes

Ian J Forbes

[Book]

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