1. Collateral arterial growth and reactivity: lessons from the limb and renal blood supply --;2. Development of the vascular system of organs and tissues --;3. Methods for assessing coronary collateral growth: insights into mechanisms responsible for collateral development --;4. Coronary collateral development: concepts and hypotheses --;5. Collateral vessel development in the porcine and canine heart Morphology revisited --;6. Angiogenesis in porcine hearts with coronary microembolization --;7. The role of growth factors during development of a collateral circulation in the porcine heart --;8. Functional aspects of collateral development in animal models --;9. Effect of exercise and pharmacologic interventions on coronary collateral blood flow --;10. Function and development of coronary collateral vessels --;11. The role of growth factors in collateral development --;12. Interactions of the coronary and collateral circulations --;13. Exercise induced coronary collateral development: a comparison to other models of myocardial angiogenesis --;14. Collateral circulation of the brain --;15. Limb collaterals --;16. Neurohumoral and pharmacologic regulation of collateral perfusion --;17. Venous level collaterals in the coronary system --;18. Microvascular collaterals in the coronary circulation --;19. Collateral development and function in man.
Collateral blood vessels develop by growth of pre or newly formed structures in almost all vascular provinces as a consequence of progressing stenosis of the main artery. Collateral development is a time consuming process, and arterial stenosis and occlusion often progress faster than growth of the alternative routes.