Indications and implantation for cardiac resynchronization therapy -- Do the official guidelines for cardiac resynchronization therapy need to be changed? -- Alternative techniques for left ventricular lead placement -- Importance of the right ventricular pacing site in cardiac resynchronization -- Alternative means of achieving cardiac resynchronization -- CRT-pacing only versus CRT-defibrillator -- Upgrading conventional pacemakers to CRT: indications and technical considerations -- Cardiac resynchronization for heart failure -- Update of cardiac resynchronization trials -- Cardiac resynchronization for heart failure: do we need more trials? -- Should cardiac resynchronization be considered for the prevention of heart failure? -- Left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy: a new concept of mechanically induced cardiomyopathy -- Role of echocardiography before CRT implantation: can we predict nonresponders? -- Role of echocardiography after implantation of a cardiac resynchronization system -- Advances in technology -- Recent advances in the technology of cardiac resynchronization therapy -- Advances in left ventricular pacing leads -- New pacing algorithms and functions in CRT devices -- Significance of latency during left ventricular pacing for cardiac resynchronization therapy -- Programmability of the interventricular interval during cardiac resynchronization therapy -- Hemodynamic sensors in heart failure devices -- Assessment of single-shock defibrillation testing of biventricular ICDs -- Follow-up -- How to program CRT devices -- Programming and follow-up of CRT and CRTD devices -- Standard electrocardiogram during cardiac resynchronization -- Cardiac arrhythmias after cardiac resynchronization -- Advances in CRT device diagnostics -- Complex issues in the follow-up of CRT devices -- Recurrent heart failure and appropriate evaluation after cardiac resynchronization therapy.
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Devices for cardiac resynchronization : technologic and clinical aspects.