Sustainable energy conversion for electricity and coproducts :
[Book]
principles, technologies, and equipment /
Ashok Rao
1 online resource
Includes bibliographical references and index
Introduction to Energy Systems -- Energy Sources and Distribution of Resources -- Fossil Fuels -- Nuclear -- Renewables -- Energy and the Environment -- Criteria and Other Air Pollutants -- Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Capture, and Storage -- Water Usage -- Holistic Approach -- Supply Chain and Life Cycle Assessment -- Conclusions -- References -- Thermodynamics -- First Law -- Application to a Combustor -- Efficiency Based on First Law -- Second Law -- Quality Destruction and Entropy Generation -- Second Law Analysis -- First and Second Law Efficiencies -- Combustion and Gibbs Free Energy Minimization -- Nonideal Behavior -- Gas Phase -- Vapor-Liquid Phases -- References -- Fluid Flow Equipment -- Fundamentals of Fluid Flow -- Flow Regimes -- Extended Bernoulli Equation -- Single-Phase Incompressible Flow -- Pressure Drop in Pipes -- Pressure Drop in Fittings -- Single-Phase Compressible Flow -- Pressure Drop in Pipes and Fittings -- Choked Flow -- Two-Phase Fluid Flow -- Gas-Liquid Flow Regimes -- Pressure Drop in Pipes and Fittings -- Droplet Separation -- Solid Fluid Systems -- Flow Regimes -- Pressure Drop -- Pneumatic Conveying -- Fluid Velocity in Pipes -- Turbomachinery -- Pumps -- Compressors -- Fans and Blowers -- Expansion Turbines -- References -- Heat Transfer Equipment -- Fundamentals of Heat Transfer -- Conduction -- Convection -- Radiation -- Heat Exchange Equipment -- Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers -- Plate Heat Exchangers -- Air-Cooled Exchangers -- Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) -- Boilers and Fired Heaters -- References -- Mass Transfer and Chemical Reaction Equipment -- Fundamentals of Mass Transfer -- Molecular Diffusion -- Convective Transport -- Adsorption -- Gas-Liquid Systems -- Types of Mass Transfer Operations -- Types of Columns -- Column Sizing -- Column Diameter and Pressure Drop -- Fluid-Solid Systems -- Adsorbers -- Catalytic Reactors -- References -- Prime Movers -- Gas Turbines -- Principles of Operation -- Combustor and Air Emissions -- Start-Up and Load Control -- Performance Characteristics -- Fuel Types -- Technology Developments -- Steam Turbines -- Principles of Operation -- Load Control -- Performance Characteristics -- Technology Developments -- Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines -- Principles of Operation -- Air Emissions -- Start-up -- Performance Characteristics -- Fuel Types -- Hydraulic Turbines -- Process Industry Apphcations -- Hydroelectric Power Plant Applications -- References -- Systems Analysis -- Design Basis -- Fuel or Feedstock Specifications -- Mode of Heat Rejection -- Ambient Conditions -- Other Site-Specific Considerations -- Environmental Emissions Criteria -- Capacity Factor -- Off-Design Requirements -- System Configuration -- Exergy and Pinch Analyses -- Exergy Analysis -- Pinch Analysis -- Process Flow Diagrams -- Dynamic Simulation and Process Control -- Dynamic Simulation -- Automatic Process Control -- Cost Estimation and Economics -- Total Plant Cost -- Economic Analysis -- Life Cycle Assessment -- References -- Rankine Cycle Systems -- Basic Rankine Cycle -- Addition of Superheating -- Addition of Reheat -- Addition of Economizer and Regenerative Feedwater Heating -- Supercritical Rankine Cycle -- The Steam Cycle -- Coal-Fired Power Generation -- Coal-Fired Boilers -- Emissions and Control -- Description of a Large Supercritical Steam Rankine Cycle -- Plant-Derived Biomass-Fired Power Generation -- Feedstock Characteristics -- Biomass-Fired Boilers -- Cofiring Biomass in Coal-Fired Boilers -- Emissions -- Municipal Solid Waste Fired Power Generation -- MSW-Fired Boilers -- Emissions Control -- Low-Temperature Cycles -- Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) -- References -- Brayton-Rankine Combined Cycle Systems -- Combined Cycle -- Gas Turbine Cycles for Combined Cycles -- Steam Cycles for Combined Cycles -- Natural Gas-Fueled Plants -- Description of a Large Combined Cycle -- NOx Control -- CO and Volatile Organic Compounds Control -- CO₂ Emissions Control -- Characteristics of Combined Cycles -- Coal and Biomass Fueled Plants -- Gasification -- Gasifier Feedstocks -- Key Technologies in IGCC Systems -- Description of an IGCC -- Advantages of an IGCC -- Economies of Scale and Biomass Gasification -- Indirectly Fired Cycle -- References -- Coproduction and Cogeneration -- Types of Coproducts and Synergy in Coproduction -- Syngas Generation for Coproduction -- Gasifiers -- Reformers -- Shift Reactors -- Syngas Conversion to Some Key Coproducts -- Methanol -- Urea -- Fischer-Tropsch Liquids -- Hydrogen Coproduction from Coal and Biomass -- Current Technology Plant -- Advanced Technology Plant -- Combined Heat and Power -- LiBr Absorption Refrigeration -- References -- Advanced Systems -- High Temperature Membrane Separators -- Ceramic Membranes -- Application of Membranes to Air Separation -- Application of Membranes to H₂ Separation -- Fuel Cells -- Basic Electrochemistry and Transport Phenomena -- Real Fuel Cell Behavior -- Overall Cell Performance -- A Fuel Cell Power Generation System -- Major Fuel Cell Type Characteristics -- Hybrid Cycles -- A Coal-Fueled Hybrid System -- Chemical Looping -- Magnetohydrodynamics -- References -- Renewables and Nuclear -- Wind -- Wind Resources and Plant Siting -- Key Equipment -- Economics -- Environmental Issues -- Solar -- Solar Resources and Plant Siting -- Key Equipment -- Economics -- Environmental Issues -- Geothermal -- Geothermal Resources and Plant Siting -- Key Equipment -- Economics -- Environmental Issues -- Nuclear -- Nuclear Fuel Resources and Plant Siting -- Key Equipment -- Economics -- Environmental Issues -- Electric Grid Stability and Dependence on Fossil Fuels -- Super and Micro Grids -- References
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"Provides a comprehensive and a fundamental approach to the study of sustainable fuel conversion for the generation of electricity and for coproducing synthetic fuels and chemicals"--
Sustainable energy conversion for electricity and coproducts.