1. Introduction -- 2. Normativity and community -- 3. Kripke's Wittgenstein on meaning -- 4. Correct belief -- 5. Horwich on meaning -- The normative meaning role -- Reference, truth, and context -- 8. Meaning and plans -- 9. Interpreting interpretation -- 10. Expressivism, non-naturalism, and us -- Appendix 1: The objects of belief -- Appendix 2: Schroeder on expressivism -- References -- Index
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The concepts of meaning and mental content resist naturalistic analysis. This is because they are normative: they depend on ideas of how things ought to be. This text offers an explanation of these 'oughts', borrowing devices from metaethics to illuminate deep problems at the heart of the philosophy of language and thought