Section I Approaches to understanding the neurobiological basis of learning and memory. Chapter 1 Historical perspective Mark Rosenzweig, University of California, Berkeley Chapter 2 Developmental approaches to memory process Julie A. Markham, James E. Black and William T. Greenough, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Chapter 3 Genetics in learning and memory Yalin Wang, Josh Dubnau, Tim Tully, and Yi Zhong, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York Chapter 4 Gene expression in learning and memory Joe L. Martinez, Kenira J. Thompson, and Angela, M. Sikorski, University of Texas San Antonio, Texas. Chapter 5 Mnemonic contributions of hippocampal place cells Sheri Mizumori, D.M. Smith and C.B. Puryear, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Chapter 6 Computations in memory systems in the brain Edmund T. Rolls, University of Oxford, Oxford, England Chapter 7 Modulation of learning and memory by adrenal and ovarian hormones Donna L. Korol and Paul Gold, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign/ Section II The contribution of neural systems in mediating learning and memory Chapter 8 Neurobiological views of memory Raymond P. Kesner, University of Utah, Utah Chapter 9 The medial temporal lobe and memory Alison R. Preston and Anthony D. Wagner, Stanford University-Stanford, California Chapter 10 Bootstrapping your brain: How interactions between the frontal cortex and basal ganglia may produce organized actions and lofty thoughts Earl K Miller and Timothy J. Buschman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts Chapter 11 Role of the striatum in learning and memory Michael E. Ragozzino, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois Chapter 12 Neural systems involved in fear and anxiety based on the fear potentiated startle test Michael Davis, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Chapter 13 Cerebellar learning Tatsuya Ohyama and Michael D. MaukUniversity of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas Section III Applications of the importance of learning and memory to applied issues Chapter 14 Reward and drugs of abuse Ryan T. LaLumiere and Peter W. Kalivas, Medical University, South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina Chapter 15 Aging and memory Carol Barnes and Marsha Penner, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Chapter 16 Neurodegenerative diseases and memory (treatment approach) Gary Wenk, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Chapter 17 Enhancement of learning and memory performance: Modality specific mechanisms of action Stephen C. Heinrichs, Boston College, Chestnmut Hills, Massachusetts.