عنوان

Semantic Structure in English

9789027266521

9789027215833

b408287

Semantic Structure in English

[Book]

1 online resource (470 pages).

Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics ;

v.73

Intro -- Semantic Structure in English -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Goals of the book -- 1.2 Approach -- 1.3 Argument of the book -- 1.4 Plan of the book -- 2. Semantic structures in the strata of English -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Semantic structure in lexis -- 2.2.1 Paradigmatic lexical relations -- 2.2.2 Syntagmatic lexical relations -- 2.2.2.1 Grammatical and content items -- 2.2.2.2 Semantic classes -- 2.2.2.3 Semantic classes and cognitive classes -- 2.2.3 Words without paradigmatic or syntagmatic relations -- 2.2.3.1 Interjections -- 2.2.3.2 Holophrases -- 2.3 Semantic structure in morphology -- 2.3.1 Semantic classes -- 2.3.2 Grammatical meaning -- 2.3.3 Dependency and modification -- 2.4 Semantic structure in syntax -- 2.4.1 Semantic structure of clauses: The figure -- 2.4.1.1 Constituents of figures -- 2.4.1.2 Relationships among figure constituents -- 2.4.1.3 Significance of group order -- 2.4.2 Semantic structure in groups -- 2.4.2.1 Groups as part of the semantic hierarchy -- 2.4.2.2 Modification structure -- 2.4.2.3 Compositionality -- 2.5 Semantic structure in phonology -- 2.5.1 Introduction -- 2.5.2 Semantics of tonality -- 2.5.3 Semantics of tone -- 2.5.4 Semantics of tonicity -- 2.5.5 Semantics of rhythm -- 2.5.6 Semantic structure in phonetics -- 2.5.7 Discussion: Semantic structure in phonology -- 2.5.7.1 Wave-like structures -- 2.5.7.2 Field-like structures -- 2.5.7.3 Basicness -- 2.5.7.4 Compositionality in phonological semantics -- 2.5.8 Conclusion: Semantics in the phonological stratum -- 2.5.8.1 Structure -- 2.5.8.2 Meaning -- 2.5.8.3 Semiosis -- 2.5.8.4 Nature of language -- 2.6 Conclusion: Semantic structure in the strata of English -- 3. Basis of semantic structure -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The intention to speak -- 3.2.1 Main intention.

3.2.2 Subordinate intentions -- 3.2.3 Discussion -- 3.2.4 Conclusion -- 3.3 Functions, as the formulation of intention -- 3.3.1 Introduction -- 3.3.2 Expressive function -- 3.3.3 Interpersonal function -- 3.3.3.1 Introduction -- 3.3.3.2 Interpersonal action -- 3.3.3.3 Personal relationships -- 3.3.3.4 Social relations -- 3.3.4 Ideational function -- 3.3.5 Conclusion -- 3.4 Constraints on meaning -- 3.4.1 Introduction -- 3.4.2 Linguistic constraints -- 3.4.3 Semiotic constraints -- 3.4.3.1 Introduction -- 3.4.3.2 Semiotic processes -- 3.4.3.3 Semiotic levels: Types of linguistic sign -- 3.4.3.4 Forms of linguistic sign -- 3.4.3.5 Conclusion: Semiotic constraints -- 3.5 Conclusion: Basis of semantic structure -- 4. Elements of semantic structure -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Preliminaries -- 4.2.1 Areas of meaning: Cognitive and linguistic meaning -- 4.2.2 Aspects of meaning -- 4.3 Dimensions of linguistic meaning -- 4.3.1 Introduction -- 4.3.2 Quality dimension -- 4.3.3 Intensity dimension -- 4.3.4 Specificity dimension -- 4.3.5 Vagueness dimension -- 4.3.6 Basicness dimension -- 4.3.7 Viewpoint dimension -- 4.3.8 Boundedness dimension -- 4.3.9 Expectedness dimension -- 4.3.10 Salience dimension -- 4.4 Content meaning -- 4.4.1 Introduction -- 4.4.2 Descriptive meaning -- 4.4.2.1 Characterisation -- 4.4.2.2 Relation to cognition -- 4.4.2.3 Psycholinguistic support -- 4.4.2.4 Expression of descriptive meaning in the various strata -- 4.4.2.5 Dimensions -- 4.4.3 Affective meaning -- 4.4.3.1 Characterisation of affective meaning -- 4.4.3.2 Support from linguistics -- 4.4.3.3 Psycholinguistic support -- 4.4.3.4 Aspects of affective meaning -- 4.4.3.5 Realisation of affective meanin -- 4.4.3.6 Dimensions of affective meaning -- 4.4.3.7 Affective meaning as content -- 4.4.4 Attitudinal meaning -- 4.4.4.1 Characterisation of attitudinal meaning.

4.4.4.2 Dimensions of attitudinal meaning -- 4.4.5 Social meaning -- 4.4.5.1 Characterisation -- 4.4.5.2 Realisation of social meaning -- 4.4.5.3 Dimensions -- 4.4.5.4 Support: Social meaning -- 4.4.6 Conclusion: Types of content meaning -- 4.5 Grammatical meaning -- 4.5.1 Introduction -- 4.5.1.1 Description -- 4.5.1.2 Development of grammatical meaning -- 4.5.1.3 Types of sign that realise grammatical meaning -- 4.5.1.4 Looking forward -- 4.5.2 Types of grammatical meaning -- 4.5.3 Dimensions of grammatical meaning -- 4.5.4 Discussion -- 4.5.5 Conclusion: Grammatical meaning -- 4.6 Semantic classes -- 4.6.1 Introduction -- 4.6.2 Basic classes -- 4.6.2.1 Introduction -- 4.6.2.2 Entities -- 4.6.2.3 Events -- 4.6.2.4 Properties -- 4.6.3 Discussion: Semantic classes -- 4.6.3.1 Relations -- 4.6.3.2 Linguistic and psycholinguistic status of the classes -- 4.6.4 Conclusion: Semantic classes -- 4.7 Uses of meaning -- 4.7.1 Introduction -- 4.7.2 Marked use -- 4.7.3 Defining and descriptive uses -- 4.7.4 Literal and figurative uses -- 4.8 Discussion: Elements of semantic structure -- 4.9 Conclusion: Elements of semantic structure -- 5. Network structure -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 General introduction -- 5.1.2 Introduction to networks -- 5.2 Structure within a word's meaning -- 5.2.1 Introduction -- 5.2.1.1 General -- 5.2.1.2 Problems in identifying senses -- 5.2.2 Word senses as a structure of meaning types -- 5.2.2.1 Synchronic structure -- 5.2.2.2 Diachronic development of the structure -- 5.2.2.3 Independence of the meaning types -- 5.2.2.4 Discussion: Word meanings as a structure of meaning types -- 5.2.2.5 Conclusion: Word meanings as a structure of meaning types -- 5.2.3 Structure within descriptive senses -- 5.2.3.1 Basic structure of descriptive meaning -- 5.2.3.2 Structure of descriptive elements -- 5.2.3.3 Structure in the quality dimension.

5.2.3.4 Structure in other dimensions -- 5.2.3.5 Subtypes of descriptive meaning -- 5.2.3.6 Conclusion: Structure within descriptive senses -- 5.2.4 Structure within non-descriptive senses -- 5.2.5 Discussion: Compositionality of sense structure -- 5.3 Structure among word senses -- 5.3.1 Introduction -- 5.3.2 Sense relations: Synonymy -- 5.3.3 Other sense relations -- 5.3.4 Variation in sense structure -- 5.3.4.1 Introduction -- 5.3.4.2 Selecting among possible elements -- 5.3.4.3 Specifying vague elements -- 5.3.4.4 Changing elements -- 5.3.4.5 Conclusion: Variation of structure in context -- 5.3.5 Conclusion: Structure among word senses -- 5.4 Structure of sublexical meaning -- 5.4.1 Introduction -- 5.4.2 Dimensions -- 5.4.3 Elements and their sublexical relations -- 5.4.4 Elements' external relations -- 5.4.5 Discussion: Structure of sublexical meanings -- 5.4.6 Conclusion: Structure of sublexical meaning -- 5.5 Networks in other strata -- 5.5.1 Networks in clause syntax -- 5.5.1.1 Networks created by Adjuncts -- 5.5.1.2 Networks created by other constructions -- 5.5.2 Networks in group syntax -- 5.5.2.1 Networks created by nominal premodifiers -- 5.5.3 Lexical network: Cohesion -- 5.6 Discussion: Network structures in English -- 5.6.1 Whole utterances as networks -- 5.6.2 Networks in imaginative English -- 5.6.3 Relations among one word's various senses: Polysemy -- 5.7 Conclusion: Network structures in English -- 6. System structure -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 General introduction -- 6.1.2 Introduction to system structure -- 6.2 System processes -- 6.2.1 Introduction: Grammatical meanings -- 6.2.2 Preliminary process: Obtaining content for the main procedure -- 6.2.3 Processes applying within words and groups -- 6.2.3.1 Subordinating content -- 6.2.3.2 Co-ordinating content.

6.2.4 Processes applying within figures and figure complexes: Complementation -- 6.2.5 Processes applying to a whole figure -- 6.2.5.1 Processes relating content to the hearer's knowledge -- 6.2.5.2 Processes guiding the hearer's response -- 6.2.6 Discussion: System processes -- 6.2.7 Conclusion: Grammatical meaning -- 6.3 System procedures: Using the processes -- 6.3.1 Introduction -- 6.3.2 Constructing hierarchic structures -- 6.3.3 Constructing network structures in morphosyntax -- 6.4 Discussion: System structure -- 6.4.1 Details not yet explained -- 6.4.2 Signs used for grammatical meaning -- 6.4.3 Grammatical meanings in figurative and other uses -- 6.4.4 Grammatical meaning as backgrounded meaning -- 6.4.5 Other views of grammatical meaning -- 6.5 Conclusion: System structure -- 7. Hierarchic structure (1): Figures -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Introduction to hierarchies in semantics -- 7.1.2 Introduction to figures -- 7.2 Figure structures -- 7.2.1 Introduction: Processes -- 7.2.2 Material-Process structure -- 7.2.3 Mental-Process structures -- 7.2.4 Relational-Process structures -- 7.2.5 Discussion: Figure structures -- 7.2.5.1 Reconstrual of Processes -- 7.2.5.2 The Process types as categories -- 7.2.6 Conclusion: Summary of figure structures -- 7.3 Processes -- 7.3.1 Introduction: Processes -- 7.3.2 Internal structure of Processes -- 7.3.3 Syntagmatic structure of Processes -- 7.3.4 Semantic class: Process -- 7.3.5 Conclusion: Summary of Processes -- 7.4 Participants -- 7.4.1 Introduction -- 7.4.2 Internal structure -- 7.4.3 Syntagmatic structure -- 7.4.4 Participant as semantic class -- 7.4.5 Discussion: Participant roles and "semantic roles" -- 7.4.6 Conclusion: Summary of Participants -- 7.5 Circumstances -- 7.5.1 Introduction -- 7.5.2 Internal structure of Circumstances -- 7.5.2.1 Being determinate -- 7.5.2.2 Constituency.

7.5.3 Syntagmatic structure of Circumstances.

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Semantic Structure in English

9789027215833

English language--Semantics.

Feist, Jim

ProQuest (Firm)

20190225144500.0

pn

[Book]

Y