عنوان

Genetically modified organisms in food

9780128022597 )hbk(

Genetically modified organisms in food

Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R. Preedy

Amsterdam ;Boston

Elsevier Science/Academic Press,

c2016

xxi, 494 p. : ill.

Genetically Modified Organisms in Food focuses on scientific evaluation of published research relating to GMO food products to assert their safety as well as potential health risks. This book is a solid reference for researchers and professionals needing information on the safety of GMO and non-GMO food production, the economic benefits of both GMO and non-GMO foods, and includes in-depth coverage of the surrounding issues of genetic engineering in foods. This is a timely publication written by a team of scientific experts in the field who present research results to help further more evidence.

Machine generated contents note: Section I Development, Testing and Safety of Plant and Animal GMO foods -- 1.Soybean as a Food Source: Comparative Studies Focusing on Transgenic and Nontransgenic Soybean / R.A. Azevedo -- Introduction -- Some Comments about Transgenic Soybeans -- The Necessity of Using an Herbicide -- Genetic Modification of Soybean -- Glyphosate Resistance -- A Brief History of the Transgenic Soybean in Brazil -- Comparative Studies Involving Transgenic and Nontransgenic Soybean Seeds or Plants -- Bioaccessibility Studies -- Enzymes Involved in the Oxidative Stress -- Metabolites and )Metallo(proteins -- Trends -- Conclusions -- References -- 2.Genetically Modified Crops: Biosafety Regulations and Detection Strategies / Dawei Li -- Introduction -- Biosafety Measurement -- Labeling Issues -- Bt Gene and Stacked Traits -- Detection Strategies -- PCR and Real-Time PCR -- Biosensors -- Protein-Based Detection -- Immunoassays -- Immunostrip -- Immuno-PCR -- Future Prospects -- References -- 3.Genetically Modified Food Animals: An Overview / Daman Saluja -- Introduction -- Genetically Modified Organisms -- Definition -- Advent of GMOs -- Methods for Introduction of Transgenesis -- Applications of Transgenic Animals -- Biological Research -- Xenotransplantation -- Biopharming -- Environmental Sustainability -- Food -- Concerns -- Future Directions -- References -- 4.Genetically Modified Aubergine )Also Called Brinjal or Solanum melongena( / Lalitha R. Gowda -- General Description of Brinjal -- Biochemical and Nutritional Properties -- Insect Pests of Brinjal -- Development of Insect-Resistant Bt-Brinjal -- Fruit and Shoot Borer Management in Bt-Brinjal -- Fungal-Resistant Dm-AMP1-Aubergine Plants -- Detection of Bt-Brinjal -- Current Regulatory Framework of India for Recombinant DNA Technology -- Food Safety Assessment of Bt-Brinjal -- Environmental Risk Assessment of Bt-Brinjal -- Commercialization of Bt-Brinjal -- References -- 5.Nutritional Assessment of Genetically Modified Crops Using Animal Models / R.A. Herman -- Crop Composition, Nutritional Context, and the Suitability of Animal Studies -- Processed Products -- History of Animal Studies for Nutritional Assessment of Genetically Modified Crops -- Regulatory Assessments -- 42-Day Broiler Study -- 90-Day Rodent Study -- Other Animal Models -- Conclusion -- References -- 6.Noncoding RNA-Based Genetically Modified Crops: Concepts and Challenges / Shelly Praveen -- Introduction -- Various ncRNA-Based Silencing Platforms -- Apprehensions of Noncoding RNA-Based Genetically Modified Crops -- Persistence of ncRNAs -- Predictive Environmental Risk Assessment -- Impact on Plant Protection Measures -- Food and Feed Safety -- Nutritional Composition and Equivalency -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- 7.Agrobacterium-Mediated Alien Gene Transfer Biofabricates Designer Plants / Vinod Goyal -- The Biology of Agrobacterium -- Agrobacterium-Mediated T-DNA Transfer Process -- Signal Recognition -- Bacterial Colonization -- Induction of Bacterial Virulence System -- Generation of the T-DNA Transfer Complex -- Transfer of T-DNA -- Integration of T-DNA into the Plant Genome -- Comparison of T-DNA Transfer to Conjugative DNA Transfer -- Factors Influencing Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation -- Osmotic Treatment of Explants -- Desiccation of Explants -- Culture Medium -- Antinecrotic Treatments -- Temperature -- Surfactants -- Antibiotics -- Promoters -- Selectable Markers -- Reporter Genes -- Advances in Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation -- Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Dicotyledonous Plants -- Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Monocotyledonous Plants -- Agrobacterium-Mediated In Planta Transformation -- Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Nonplant Organisms -- Challenges in Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation -- Applications -- Biosafety Aspects -- Summary and Future Prospects -- References -- 8.Understanding the Factors Influencing Attitudes toward Genetically Modified Rice / Hasrizul Hashim -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework and Hypotheses Development -- Engagement -- Confidence in Key Players -- Attitudes to Technology -- Attitudes to Nature -- Religiosity -- Perceived Moral Concerns -- Perceived Risks and Perceived Benefits -- Religious Acceptance -- Research Methodology -- Survey Data Collection -- Instrument -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Measurement Model )Confirmatory Factor Analysis( -- Structural Equation Modeling -- Construct Reliability and Validity -- Relationships among the Variables -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 9.Qualitative and Quantitative Diagnostics for EE1 Event of Bt Eggplant / Monika Singh -- Introduction -- Screening Strategies for Bt Eggplant -- GMO Matrix -- LAMP-Based Screening -- Multiplex PCR-Based Screening -- Qualitative Analysis of EE1 Event -- Construct- and Event-Specific PCR Assays -- Ready-to-Use TaqManش Real-Time PCR-Based Multitarget System -- Diagnostics for EE1 Event: To Ensure GM-Free Conservation of Germplasm -- Conclusion -- References -- 10.Biosensors for Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms in Food and Feed / Alex L. Simonian -- Introduction -- Standard Approaches for Detection of GMO -- GMO Biosensors -- Optical Biosensors -- Piezoelectric Biosensors -- Electrochemical Biosensors -- References -- 11.Genetically Modified Organism Analysis as Affected by DNA Degradation / Isabel Mafra -- Introduction -- DNA Quality and Purity: From Extraction to PCR Analysis -- Effect of Food Processing on GMO Detection -- Mechanical Processing -- Effect of Temperature -- Oil Extraction and Refining -- Final Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 12.Novel Strategies for Genetically Modified Organism Detection / Isabel Mafra -- Introduction -- Biosensors -- Electrochemical Biosensors -- Optical Biosensors -- Piezoelectric Biosensors -- Microarrays -- Alternative DNA Amplification Methods -- Final Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 13.Targeted Genetic Modification in Crops Using Site-Directed Nucleases / Josep M. Casacuberta -- Introduction -- Different Types of SDNs: From Meganucleases to Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats )CRISPR( -- The Different Uses of SDNs -- What Has Already Been Done in Plants? -- How the Nuclease is Delivered in Plant Cells -- Comparison of SDN-Based Approaches to Currently Used Techniques in Plant Breeding -- SDNs to Obtain New Plants for Commercial Uses: Legal Framework -- Conclusions -- References -- Section II Social and Economic Context of GMO Foods -- 14.Agricultural Biotechnology and Public Attitudes: An Attempt to Explain the Mismatch between Experience and Perception / Philipp Aerni -- Introduction -- Overview on Perception, Policies, and Politics on GM Crops in Europe, USA, and the Rest of the World -- Europe -- USA -- Rest of the World -- Public Attitudes and Trust in Institutions -- The Framing of the Public Debate -- Methodologies to Assess Public and Consumer Attitudes -- The Problem with Surveys that Measure Stated Consumer Preferences -- The Problem with Surveys that Measure State Political Preferences -- Why Concrete Experience with the Technology Matters -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 15.Fishy Business: Genetic Engineering and Salmon Aquaculture / Brett Clark -- Introduction -- Salmon Decline: From Wild to Farmed Fish -- The Social and Economic Context of Genetically Modified Salmon -- Genetically Modified Salmon: A Smaller Ecological Footprint? -- Conclusion -- References -- 16.Consumer Behavior Regarding Genetically Modified Foods: A Mediator Model / Melania Salazar-Ordonez -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework: A Mediator Model -- Research Methods -- Sample -- Methodological Issues -- Results: The Mediator Model -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 17.Are Ready for Market Genetically Modified, Conventional and Organic Soybeans Substantially Equivalent as Food and Feed? / J. Fagan -- Introduction -- Long-Term Studies of Food and Feed Products and Agrochemicals are Missing -- Soy Production is Dominated by Herbicide-Tolerant )HT( RR GM Soy -- The Daphnia magna Model -- Previous Studies in D. magna -- Materials and Methods -- Soy Samples and Characterization -- Feeding Studies in D. magna -- Results -- Glyphosate and AMPA Residues in the Soybeans -- Main Constituents of the Soy -- Individual Samples -- Discriminant Analysis -- Life-Time Feeding Studies in D. magna with the Different Soy Types -- Discussion -- Residues of Pesticides in the Soy -- Increases in MRL of Glyphosate in Food and Feed -- Toxicity and Health Relevance of Pesticide/Glyphosate Residues -- Nutritional Components -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Section III Government Regulation and Litigation for GMO foods -- 18.Consumer Acceptance and Willingness-to-Pay for Genetically Modified Foods with Enhanced Vitamin Levels / Xavier Gellynck -- Introduction -- Methods -- Search Strategy -- Study Selection -- Data Extraction -- Results -- Acceptance of GM Foods with Enhanced Vitamin Levels -- Willingness-to-Pay for GM Foods with Enhanced Vitamin Levels -- Determinants of Acceptance and Willingness-to-Pay -- Case Study: Information Effects on WTP for Folate Biofortified Rice -- Information Effects -- Conclusions -- References -- 19.Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms in Feed / Sule Ari -- Introduction -- GMO Feeds: General Characteristics, Regulations, and Health Issues -- Detection Methods of Genetically Modified Organisms in Feed -- Molecular Analysis -- Genomic DNA Extraction -- Conventional PCR Analysis for Identifying Plant Species -- Conventional PCR Analysis for Detection of GMOs -- Nested PCR Analysis for Determining GMO Events in Feed -- Real-Time PCR Analysis for Quantifying GMO in Feed -- Interpreting Results -- Conclusions -- References --

Includes bibliographical references and index.

production, safety, regulation and public health

Genetically modified foods^aProduction standards

Genetically modified foods^aSafety regulations

Genetically modified foods^aHealth aspects

Food, Genetically Modified^astandards

Food Safety

Watson, Ronald R author

Title

Preedy, Victor R.

English Book