عنوان

دیالکتیک افلاطون و دیدگاه گادامر در باره آن

فارسی

دیالکتیک افلاطون و دیدگاه گادامر در باره آن

محرم ترابی کچوسنگی

پایگاه اطلاع رسانی حوزه

1388

The main subject of this dissertation is Plato's dialectic and the incidental one is the ‎importance of that in the view of Gadamer. This Thesis includes an introduction, four ‎chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction, I write briefly about the background of ‎dialectic from the point of view pre-Socratic philosophers like Zeno of Elea, ‎Protagoras, etc. and about the standpoint of some modern philosophers after Plato ‎such as Kant and Hegel. In the chapter one, I consider Socratic elenchus in the earlier ‎dialogues as a first stage of platonic dialectic that particulars to the public and indicate ‎that maieutic method and anamnesis have a strict linkage. I show also that dialectic is ‎a specific form of dialogue in this stage. In the chapter two, the middle dialogues like ‎Meno, Symposium and specially Republic are discussed and showed that as long as ‎the theory of Ideas becomes important, the theory of king-philosopher gains value and ‎consequently method and science of dialectic become serious. In this stage there are ‎ascending and descending dialectic and philosopher, dialectician and statesman are ‎the same. In the chapter three, the later dialogues such as Sophist, Statesman, ‎Phaedrus and Philebus are under discussion. Plato pursues his argument about ‎dialectic in the form of synoptic method in ascending dialectic and diairetic method in ‎descending dialectic. He insists on the latter than the former. In the last chapter, I talk ‎about platonic dialogue and dialectic used by Gadamer in his philosophical ‎hermeneutics and hermeneutical interpretations of some philosophers like Plato and ‎Aristotle. I insist that the platonic dialectic of Gadamer is hermeneutical not ‎metaphysical and hints at the first stage of platonic dialectic, i.e. Socratic elenchus. In ‎the conclusion, I say that different meanings of dialectic in Plato's dialogues are not ‎separate but they are attached each other in ascending and descending dialectic and ‎therefore we can understand why Plato in Laws and Timaeus returns to the Society ‎and material world

پ‍ای‍ان‌ن‍ام‍ه;