PT. I. A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE -- ]Section 1[. Different forms of motivation -- 1. Core social motivations : views from the couch, consciousness, classroom, computers, and collectives / Susan T. Fiske -- PT. II. FORMS AND SYSTEMS OF MOTIVATION -- 2. Belongingness motivation : a mainspring of social action / Mark R. Leary and Cody B. Cox -- 3. The many sides of control motivation : motives for high, low, and illusory control / Suzanne C. Thompson and Michele M. Schlehofer -- 4. Self-enhancement and self-affirmation : the consequences of positive self-thoughts for motivation and health / Shelley E. Taylor and David K. Sherman -- 5. Cognitive dissonance theory : an update with a focus on the action-based model / Eddie Harmon-Jones and Cindy Harmon-Jones -- 6. Motivated closed-mindedness and its social consequences / Arie W. Kruglanski and Woo Young Chun -- 7. Historical perspectives and new directions in achievement goal theory : understanding the effects of mastery and performance-approach goals / Corwin Senko, Amanda M. Durik, and Judith M. Harackiewicz -- 8. A basic but uniquely human motivation : terror management / Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Jamie Arndt -- 9. Prosocial motivation / C. Daniel Batson ... ]et al.[ -- 01. Implicit motivation : past, present, and future / Melissa J. Ferguson, Ran Hassin, and John A. Bargh -- ]Section 2[. Motivational systems -- 11. Motivations for promotion and prevention / Daniel C. Molden, Angela Y. Lee, and E. Tory Higgins -- 21. The neuroevolution of motivation / Gary G. Berntson and John T. Cacioppo -- 31. Contributions of attachment theory and research to motivation science / Mario Mikulincer and Phillip R. Shaver -- 41. Structural dynamics : the challenge of change in goal systems / James Y. Shah and Arie W. Kruglanski -- PT. III. MOTIVATIONAL PROCESSES AND DIFFERENCES -- ]Section 1.[ Motivational processes and goal pursuits -- 51. The goal construct in psychology / Andrew J. Elliot and James W. Fryer -- 61. The impact of social comparisons on motivation / Penelope Lockwood and Rebecca T. Pinkus -- 71. Goal contagion : inferring goals from others' actions, and what leads to it / Henk Aarts, Ap Dijksterhuis, and Giel Dik -- 81. Implicit and explicit counteractive self-control / Ayelet Fishbach and Yaacov Trope -- 91. Dealing with unwanted feelings : the role of affect regulation in volitional action control / Sander L. Koole and Julius Kuhl -- 02. Feedback processes in the simultaneous regulation of action and affect / Charles S. Carver and Michael F. Scheier -- 12. Flexible tenacity in goal pursuit / Peter M. Gollwitzer ... ]et al.[ -- 22. The antecedents and consequences of nonconscious goal pursuit / Tanya L. Chartrand, Amy N. Dalton, and Clara Michelle Cheng -- 32. Regulatory fit / E. Tory Higgins -- 42. Can satisfaction reinforce wanting? : a new theory about long-term changes in strength of motivation / Kathleen D. Vohs and Roy F. Baumeister -- ]Section 2[. Motivational differences -- 52. The role of goal investment in self-regulation : benefits and costs / Eva M. Pomerantz and Serena Shim -- 62. Self-theories, goals, and meaning / Carol S. Dweck and Heidi Grant -- 72. Culture and motivation / Beth Morling and Shinobu Kitayama -- 82. Of men, women, and motivation : a role congruity account / Amanda B. Diekman and Alice H. Eagly -- 92. Developmental perspectives on achievement motivation : personal and contextual influences / Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia and Jennifer A. Fredricks -- 03. The interface of motivation science and psychology : self-concordance, quality motivation, and multilevel personality integration / Kennon M. Sheldon -- PT. IV. APPLICATIONS OF MOTIVATIONAL RESEARCH -- ]Section 1[. Well-being and optimal functioning -- 13. Challenge, threat, and health / Jim Blascovich -- 23. Understanding the determinants of health behavior change : integrating theory and practice / Alexander J. Rothman ... ]et al.[ -- 33. Social exclusion, motivation, and self-defeating behavior : why breakups lead to drunkenness and ice cream / Jean M. Twenge -- 43. Personal goals and life dreams : positive psychology and motivation in daily life / Laura A. King -- ]Section 2[. Intergroup and interpersonal relations -- 53. When self-protection hurts : satisfying connectedness motivations in close relationships / Sandra L. Murray -- 63. Prorelationship motivation : an interdependence theory analysis of situations with conflicting interests / Eli J. Finkel and Caryl E. Rusbult -- 73. Approaching social rewards and avoiding social punishments : appetitive and aversive social motivation / Shelly L. Gable and Amy Strachman -- 83. Making things better and worse : multiple motives in stereotyping and prejudice / Steven J. Stroessner and Abigail A. Scholer -- 93. System justification as conscious and nonconscious goal pursuit / John T. Jost ... ]et al.[