Archives of Futurity: Prophetic Discourse Networks and the End of Race in the United States
[Thesis]
;supervisor: Milburn, Colin N.; Watkins, Evan P.
University of California, Davis: United States -- California
: 2012
297 Pages
Ph.D.
This dissertation argues that the recent resurgence of public religiosity had special relevance to representations of race relations in the United States. Those who discuss race in the US have long valued the public expression of religious language. Leaders in abolition, civil rights, and native rights movements frequently enthused their audiences with religious performance styles and justified cross-racial alliances by drawing on commonly known scriptural parables. Alternatively, the language of secularization, which assumes the private nature and waning relevance of religion, has long been associated with the racializing discourses of immigration, science, multiculturalism, and futurism. To understand the public relation between religious and secular language, this dissertation analyzes multiple modes of prophecy, a phenomenon that mediates between religious and divine worlds. Expressing ecstasy, prediction, enthusiasm, prophetic failure, and madness, the archive identified herein is an assemblage of speculative documents, constructing a history of futurities, including Puritan exceptionalisms, Civil War and Cold War fatalisms, American revisions of Italian Futurismo, and Mayan cycles of apocalypse. These documents form a "prophetic discourse" that tracks the contested relationship between religion and secularism as it intersects with racializing discourses. "Archives of Futurity" presents four chapters that each grapple with racial and secular discourses that conflict over narrative, geography, photography, and sex. Not only has the relationship between religion and secularism long been intertwined with the production of racial identities in the US, but recent literary texts suggest that the character of that relationship has intensified since the turn to globalization. Almanac of the Dead (1991), Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia (1993), The New World Border (1996), Tropic of Orange (1997), Paradise (1997)--These texts shift the conversation about racial discourse away from an either/or discussion about the public uses of religion to the problematic relationship between the worldliness of secularization and bodily difference in the United States.