A historical materialist analysis of the labor of black males in professional sport in the United States: From chattel slavery to globalization
[Thesis]
;supervisor: Katz-Fishman, Walda
Howard University: United States -- District of Columbia
: 2009
106 pages
M.A.
, Howard University: United States -- District of Columbia
This thesis employs the historical materialist theory and methodology to examine how the political economy impacts the labor of black males in professional sport in the United States during agricultural, industrial, and electronic eras of production. This research employs an exploratory qualitative methodology. Secondary data were gathered from histories, journals, and sociological and historical research. This research finds macro-historical trends. As the forces of production, relations of production, and policies/laws change, so does the labor of black males in professional sport. During chattel slavery of the agricultural era, black males were the dominate athletes in the South. During Reconstruction of the agricultural era, black males were a strong minority in the North, competing primarily as jockeys. During Jim Crow of the agricultural era, black males were virtually excluded from major league professional sports throughout the United States. In the industrial era, black male athletes were reintegrated into major league professional sports. In the electronic era, a few black males are global sport icons, earning riches. This research suggests that the labor of black male professional athletes must be understood in its historical context, in relation to capitalism, and within the larger economic and political forces of society. These factors play a key role in determining where black males have been in professional sport historically to where they are going in the future.